A's

Question 1

Abolitionists

Answer 1

People who were strongly opposed to slavery in the United States and believed that all slaves should be freed

Question 2

Adam-Onis Treaty

Answer 2

The 1819 agreement under which the Spanish gave up their Florida territory and drew the boundary with Mexico all the way to the Pacific ocean; the US, in exchange, agreed to assume $5 million in debts owed to American merchants

Question 3

Charles Francis Adams Sr.

Answer 3

President Lincoln’s Ambassador to Great Britain during the Civil War who, along with Secretary of State William Seward, strongly warned Europeans not to interfere; therefore, Britain and other European countries such as France

Question 4

John Adams

Answer 4

A Federalist and the second president of the US

Question 5

John Quincy Adams

Answer 5

The candidate who ultimately won the 1824 election for president but was frustrated by the Jacksonian opposition at every turn, such as his push for active federal government in the areas of internal improvements and Indian affairs

Question 6

Administration of Justice Act

Answer 6

One of the Coercive Acts, it provided that royal officials accused of crimes in Massachusetts could be tried elsewhere, where chances of acquittal (judgement that a person is not guilty) might be greater

Question 7

Age of Jackson

Answer 7

(also called “the age of the common man”) the period under President Andrew Jackson that marked a transformation in the political life of the United States characterized by an egalitarian spirit (all people are equal and deserve equal opportunities) among the people

Question 8

Age of Reason

Answer 8

Enlightenment thinker Thomas Paine’s detailed explanation of the rationalist posture that attacked traditional Christian values and was read widely in the US during the post-revolutionary years

Question 9

Alien Act

Answer 9

A 1798 law that raised new hurdles in the path of immigrants trying to obtain citizenship and was aimed at actual or potential Republican opposition to President John Adam’s administration, with the result that a number of editors were actually jailed for printing critical editorials

Question 10

Amendments to the Constitution

Answer 10

Statements that guarantee certain individual rights and amend original dictates of the Constitution; the first ten amendments are known as the “Bill of Rights”

Question 11

American Colonization Society

Answer 11

An organization founded in 1817 that established the colony of Liberia in 1830

Question 12

American Revolution

Answer 12

(1736-1787) The war fought by American colonists to gain independence from Britain

Question 13

American Society for Promotion of Temperance

Answer 13

A group organized in 1826 that advocated the abstinence of intoxicating liquors; it was strongly supported by Protestants, but just as strongly opposed by the new Catholic immigrants

Question 14

Annexation Treaty with Texas

Answer 14

Negotiated by President Tyler’s new secretary of state, John C. Calhoun, an 1844 agreement by which the US would make Texas a US territory; rejected by the Senate because of Calhoun’s identification with extreme proslavery forces and his insertion of proslavery statements into the treaty

Question 15

Antebellum Culture

Answer 15

American society in 1840, characterized by transition and instability, with responses being two-fold- a movement toward reform and a rising desire for order and control

Question 16

Antifederalists

Answer 16

Those opposing the Constitution in the struggle over its ratification

Question 17

Appomattox

Answer 17

The site in Virginia where General Robert E. Lee was cornered by General Ulysses S. Grant and was forced to surrender in 1865; other Confederate armies, still holding out in various parts of the South surrendered over the next few weeks

Question 18

Army Act

Answer 18

An 1867 law passed by Congress that reduced the president’s control over the army

Question 19

Benedict Arnold

Answer 19

A general who served brilliantly with the American army in the War of Independence, but then later joined the British and led their troops against the Americans

Question 20

Articles of Confederation

Answer 20

A framework for a national government devised in 1776 by a committee appointed by the American Congress, which provided for a unicameral Congress in which each state would have one vote, essentially preserving the sovereignty of the states and creating a very weak national government

Question 21

Articles of the Constitution

Answer 21

The Preamble, Article I - (Legislature); Article II - (Executive); Article III - (Judiciary); Article IV - (Interstate Relations); Article V - (Amendment Process); Article VI - (Supremacy Clause); and Article VII - (Ratification)

Question 22

Assassination of President Lincoln

Answer 22

Before he learned the news of the surrenders, Lincoln was shot in the back of the head while watching a play in Ford’s Theater in Washington by pro-Southern actor John Wilkes Booth

Question 23

John Jacob Astor

Answer 23

The first American millionaire, who made his money from the profits of the American Fur Company after establishing a fur post at the mouth of the Columbia River; he challenged the British claim to the northwest and sought to influence Congress to pass trade restrictions against British furs

Question 24

Auburn, New York

Answer 24

The site of the first of the new penitentiaries, built in 1821, whose purpose was not to just punish, but to rehabilitate