A&P Unit 2 (Integumentary System) Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of skin…(6)
A
- absorption
- excretion
- monitoring
- prevention
- protection
- regulation
2
Q
Epidermis (5)
A
- thinner/outermost layer, rapidly replaced every 2-4 weeks
- stratified squamous epithelial
- lacks blood vessels
- waterproof from keratinization
- 4 to 5 layers
3
Q
Layers of the epidermis (5)
A
outer to inner
- stratum corneum
- stratum lucidum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum spinosum
- stratum basale
4
Q
stratum corneum (2)
A
- keratinized (waterproof)
- outermost layer
5
Q
stratum lucidum
A
-only present palms/soles feet
6
Q
stratum basale (3)
A
- metabolically active (nourished by dermis)
- capable of continued cell division/growth
- contains melanocytes
7
Q
melanocytes (2)
A
- responsible for skin pigmentation/color
- produce melanin
8
Q
disease: albinism (3)
A
- absence of pigmentation of skin, hair, eyes
- mutated melanin genes
- melanocytes present but unable to synthesize. tyrosinase
9
Q
disease vitiligo (2)
A
- autoimmune disease
- antibodies destroy melanocytes leaving white spots
10
Q
keratinization (2)
A
- keratinocytes pushed to surface, away from blood supply die
- takes 2-4 weeks
11
Q
callus/corn
A
- constant friction
- abnormal cell grow
- thickening of skin
12
Q
jaundice
A
- yellowish tone of skin
- accumulation of bilirubin in bood
- indicates liver disease
13
Q
cyanosis
A
- blood appears deep purplish blue
- inadequate oxygenation of blood
14
Q
how does epithelial tissue protect from ultraviolet light?
A
-langerhan’s cells interact with T-helper cells in activating antibody mediated immune response
15
Q
Dermis functions… (8)
A
- nourishes overlying tissue
- provides strength, extensibility, elasticity
- regulation of body temperature
- protection
- monitoring of external environment
- excretions
- absorptions
- blood reservoir
16
Q
papillary layer of dermis (3)
A
- superficial most layer
- 1/5 of total thickness
- loose areolar connective tissue
17
Q
reticular layer of the dermis (2)
A
- deeper portion
- 4/5 total thickness
18
Q
hairs (pili) (4)
A
- dead, pigmented, keratinized cells
- arrises from follicle
- 1 or more sebaceous glands
- smooth muscle (arrector pili)