Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Voice test 1 a&p > a & P slides 25-50 > Flashcards

a & P slides 25-50 Flashcards

1
Q

during active expiration do you use your accessory muscles?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how does active expiration further reduce the size of the thoracic cavity?

A

by pressing the abdomen and forcing more air out of the lungs beyond the passive expiration level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many cycles will an adult complete per minute of quiet tidal breathing?

A

12-18 cycles per minute.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how is one cycle of quiet tidal breathing defined?

A

one cycle of inspiration and expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the type of breathing that is considered to be respiration for life?

A

Quiet tidal breathing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dr, C said that we really should only do how many cycles of quiet tidal breathing during class but we do 12-18/ min?

A

6 cycles per minute (takes about 10 seconds to complete one cycle of exp and insp.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 4 types of respiration?

A

Quiet inspiration
forced inspiration
passive expiration
active expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What type of inspiration utilizes the diaphragm and the external intercostal muscles but not the accessory muscles?

A

Quiet inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

During forced inspiration what muscles are used?

A

diaphragm, external intercostals and many of the accessory muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give an example of when you would use forced inspiration?

A

when you are speaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of expiration only uses the forces (gravity, torque and elasticity)?

A

passive expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is passive expiration a passive process?

A

No muscles are used it is just the 3 forces (torque, gravity and elasticity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T or F. During active expiration you use muscular effort to push beyond the resting position.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does FVC stand for?

A

Forced vital capacity. (all the air you can take in during 1 breath)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does FEV1 stand for?

A

Forced expiratory volume in the 1st second.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two methods used to measure/assess respiration?

A

the spirometer

and the manometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Spirometer measures what?

A

it measures respiratory flow, volumes and lung capacity (FVC, FEV1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is spirometry measured in?

A

Liters or mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What percent should the ratio between FVC and FEV1 be?

A

75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What instrument measures air pressure?

A

manometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what Is MIP?

A

Maximum inspiratory pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is MEP?

A

Maximum expiratory pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What two things does manometry measure?

A

MIP and MEP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do you measure MIP and MEP in?

A

Centimeters of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What applies a number to the amount of air in each compartment of the respiratory system (ie. alveoli)?
Is it:
a. volumes
b. capacities

A

a. volume (measured in ML or L)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are more functional untis of measurement that represent a combination of volumes?

a. volumes
b. capacities

A

b. capacities (measured in ML or Liters)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the four types of volumes for respiration?

A

Tidal volume (TV)
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Residual Volume (RV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What type of volume measures the volume of air exchanged in one cycle of respiration?

A

Tidal volume (TV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What does Inspiratory Reserve Volume measure?

A

The volume of air that can be inhaled after tidal inspiration (ex. yawn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What does Expiratory Reserve volume measure?

A

the volume of air that can be expired after a tidal expiration. (FEV1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What volume measures the amount remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation?

A

Residual volume (RV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the 2 lung capacities that you want to examine/assess for respiration?

A 
Vital capacity (VC)/ (FVC)
Total lung capacity (TLC)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Vital capacity/ Forced vital capacity measures what?

A

The volume of air that can be inhaled following maximal inspiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What capacity represents the capacity available for speech?

A

vital capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

IRV + ERV + TV =

A

VC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the capacity that is = to the sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume and residual volume?

A

Total lung capacity

TLC=IRV+ERV+RV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

T or F. You must have enough air (volume/capacities) in order to get words out.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

The respiratory system operates at two levels of pressure simultaneously. What are these two levels?

A

first: the constant supply of subglottal pressure required to drive the vocal folds.
2nd: the minimum power source to make the vocal folds move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what is the minimum power needed to make the vocal folds move?

A

3cm-5cm of H20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

T or F. 3-4cm H20 will barely be heard.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What cm/h20 is required for conversational speech?

What dB?

A

It requires 7cm h20 or 65 db

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what type of speech needs at least 12 cm H20 or 85 db?

A

louder speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is air pressure?

A

air pressure is the force exerted on the walls of a chamber by molecules of air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

T or F. Pressure is force exerted on Area.

A

True (P=F/A)

45
Q

What are the pressures of the respiratory system (4)?

A 
Atmospheric pressure (Patm)
Intraoral pressure (in the oral cavity) (Pm)
Subglottal pressure (bellow the vocal folds) (Ps)
Alveolar or lung pressure within the thoracic cavity (Pal)
46
Q

What cavity does intraoral pressure measure?

A

The pressure in the oral cavity.

47
Q

What type of pressure measure the pressure below the vocal folds?

A

Subglottal pressure

48
Q

Alveolar or lung pressure measures pressure in what?

A

Measures pressure within the thoracic cavity.

49
Q

What respiratory subsystem is responsible for voicing, or being the sound source?

A

the phonatory system

50
Q

what is the structure needed for the phonation system?

A

larynx (v.folds)

51
Q

What structures are the framework for the larynx (7)

A 
hyoid bone
epiglottis
thyroid cartilage
corniculate cartilages
arytenoid cartilages
cuneiform cartilages
cricoid cartilage
52
Q

what is the only floating bone in the body besides the patella?

A

hyoid bone

53
Q

What is the name for the leaf-like cartilage that acts as a protective structure when it inverts to cover the laryngeal opening during swallowing?

A

epiglottis

54
Q

What cartilage is the largest of the laryngeal cartilages?

A

Thyroid cartilage

55
Q

What cartilages form the posterior point of attachment for the vocal folds?

A

arytenoids- they ride on the high-backed upper surface of the cricoid cartilage

56
Q

what cartilages ride on the high-backed surface of the cricoid cartilage.

A

arytenoids

57
Q

What is the name of the cartilages that sit at the apex of the arytenoids and are horned-shaped?

A

Corniculate cartilages

58
Q

What cartilages are paired wedge-shaped rods embedded within the arytenoids?

A

cuneiform cartilages

59
Q

What cartilage completes the ring sitting on top of the trachea (it is shaped like a signet ring)?

A

Cricoid catilage

60
Q

What type of bone is the hyoid bone made of?

A

osseous

61
Q

What bone of the larynx is u-shaped

A

hyoid

62
Q

What bone of the larynx supports the tongute?

A

hyoid bone

63
Q

How many muscles does the hyoid bone serve as an attachment point for?

A

9

64
Q

What are three elements of the hyoid bone?

A
  • corpus/body of the hyoid bone is shiel like structure that forms the front of the bone
  • lesser horn
  • greater horn
65
Q

What part of the hyoid bone serves as the point of attachment for 6 muscles?

a. corpus/body
b. lesser horn
c. greater horn

A

a. corpus/body

66
Q

What are the 2 processes of the arytenoid cartilages?

A

vocal process

muscular process

67
Q

What process of the arytenoid projects anteriorly toward the thyroid notch were the vocal folds attach?

A

vocal process

68
Q

What process of the arytenoid serves as the point of attachment for muscles that adduct and abduct the vocal folds?

A

muscular process

69
Q

the 2 processes of the arytenoid cartilage provide attachments for what 2 muscles?

A

thyromuscularis and the thyrovocalis

70
Q

the conus elasticus connects what three cartilages in the larynx?

A

the thyroid, arytenoids and cricoid

71
Q

T or F. Intrinsic ligaments connect the cartilages of the larynx and form the support structure for the cavity of the larynx as well as the vocal folds.

A

True

72
Q

Are the quadrangular membrane(s) paired or not?

A

they are paired.

73
Q

What paired membrane are the upper portion of the elastic membrane lining the larynx?

A

Quadrangular membrane

74
Q

What connects the thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid cartilages

A

conus elasticus.

75
Q

the ___________ _____________ form the entrance to the larynx?

A

aryepiglottic folds

76
Q

what connects the arytenoids and the epiglottis?

A

aryepiglottic folds

77
Q

How many layers make up the vocal folds?

A

5

78
Q

What gives the vocal folds their white appearance?

A

squamous epithelium

79
Q

what layer is compromised of three different tissues?

A

lamina propria

80
Q

The inner most layer of the vocal folds or 5th layer under the lamina propria is?

A

the thyrovocalis muscle

81
Q

what are the 5 layers of the v. folds?

A 
epithelium
lamina propria
-superficial layer
-intermediate layer
-deep layer
throarytenoid muscle: mad up of the thryovocalis muscle and the thyromuscularis muscle.
82
Q

What two muscles make up the inner most layer of the vocal folds? (thyroarytenoid muscle)

A

Thyrovocalis and thyromusularis

83
Q

what 3 layers make up the lamina propria?

A

superficial layer
intermediate layer
deep layer

84
Q

Ventricular folds are also known or called what?

A

false vocal folds

85
Q

what folds are not used in normal phonation?

A

false vocal folds (ventricular folds) (thick folds of mucous membranes that are above the true vocal folds)

86
Q

Does Dr. C recommend that dr’s remove the epithelium layer to remove nodules?

A

NO!!!

87
Q

False vocal folds are only used when the person is increasing the effort to talk like in a case of nodules or sick.

A

True.

88
Q

What nerve innervates the larynx (motor)?

A

vagus (X)

89
Q

The glossopharyngeal, and internal and recurrent laryngeal branches of the vagus innervate the larynx with sensory or motor connections?

A

sensory

90
Q

RLN (X) innervates the larynx?

A

bellow the false v. folds

91
Q

the internal laryngeal branch of the vagus innervates the larynx above the?

A

false vocal folds

92
Q

what 3 branches does the vagus break into?

A

pharyngeal branch
superior laryngeal
recurrent laryngeal

93
Q

what are the 3 functions of the larynx?

A

respiration
protection
phonation

94
Q

what are two ways that the glottis provides protection to the larynx?

A

with cough reflex: gets foreign material out of glottis area

during swallowing: close glottis during swallowing protects the respiratory system

95
Q

Describe the Bernoulli effect

A

at a constant volume flow of air at a point of constriction it decreases the pressure which increases the velocity of flow
(explains vfold vibration) (not a muscular event)

96
Q

know the 10 stages of vibratory cycles

A

too long to write :)

97
Q

What muscle adducts the arytenoid cartilages to close the glottis?

A

the LCA

98
Q

what muscle pulls the arytenoid cartilages forward (loosening the vocal folds)

A

The TA’s

99
Q

what muscle rotates the arytenoids laterally or abduct the vocal folds causing the vocal folds to open (opening the glottis)?

A

PCA

100
Q

What muscle stretches the vocal chord and is responsible for pitch?

A

The CT

101
Q

What are the forces/properties of phonation?

A

Ps
Tissue elasticity (Vfs): myoelastic-aerodynamic theory
constriction of airflow (Bernoulli effect)
laryngeal muscles

102
Q

do men women or children have the highest frequency?

A

children

103
Q

what is the average frequency of vf vibration for men?

A

100-150-dr c. said

110hz on ppt

104
Q

what is the avg frequency of vf vibration for women?

A

180-220 hz

105
Q

what is the avg vfold frequency for children?

A

300-400 Hz

106
Q

in a piano going up one octave does what to the frequency?

A

doubles the frequecy

107
Q

explain why mens v.folds vibrate slower? (have a lower frequency)

A

they have more mass

108
Q

loudness =intensity/amplitude and is measured in dB what 2 things would you use to assess or measure these things?

A

sound pressure level (SPL) meter

LSVT companion software

109
Q

Resonation acts as a…

A

filter (it filters sound through the vocal tract)

Voice test 1 a&p (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions