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cleft test 1 > A&P of orofacial structures and the VP > Flashcards

A&P of orofacial structures and the VP Flashcards

1
Q

What anatomy is included in the nose and nasal cavity

A
  • nasal root
  • nasal bridge
  • nasal tip
  • columella
  • naris
  • ala nasi
  • septum (vomerbones, perpendicular plate of ethmoid, quadrangular cartilage)
  • turbinates/concha
  • choana
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2
Q

What anatomy is included in the upper lip

A
  • philtrum
  • philtral ridges
  • cupid’s bow
  • vermilion
  • tubercle
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3
Q

what anatomy is included in the oral cavity

A
  • hard palate
  • velum
  • tongue
  • alveolar ridge
  • faucial pillars
  • (palatine) tonsils
  • lingual tonsils
  • oropharyngeal isthmus
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4
Q

what anatomy is included in the hard palate/ palatal vault

A
  • alvelor ridge/alveolus
  • mucoperiosteum
  • rugae
  • incisive papilla
  • palatine raphe
  • foveae palati
  • premaxilla
  • maxilla
  • palatine bone
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5
Q

what is a foramen

A

a hole or opening in bone

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6
Q

what anatomy is included in the uvula

A
  • mucosa
  • glandilar tissue
  • adipose
  • vascular
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7
Q

what is the function of the uvula

A

none

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8
Q

what anatomy is included in the pharynx

A
  • oropharynx
  • nasopharynx
  • hypopharynx
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9
Q

what is the function of the eustachian tube

A

it connects the middle ear with the pharynx

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10
Q

what anatomy is included in the velum

A
  • oral surface (median palatine raphe)
  • nasal surface
  • anterior portion (tensor tendon, glandular tissue, adipose, palatine/velar aponeurosis)
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11
Q

what are the muscles of the VP

A
  • levator veli palatini
  • superior pharyngeal constrictor
  • palatopharyngeus
  • musculus uvulae
  • tensor veli palatini
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12
Q

what does the elevator veil palatini do

A

velar elevation “sling”

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13
Q

what does the superior pharyngeal constrictor do

A

constricts pharyngeal walls to narrow vp against

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14
Q

what does the palatopharyngeus do

A

narrows pharynx

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15
Q

what does the muscles uvulae do

A

“bulges” for seal on nasal surface

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16
Q

what does the tensor veil palatini do

A

opens the E-tube

17
Q

what is the motor innervation of the VP

A
  • glossopharyngeal (IX)
  • vagus (X)
  • accessory (XI)
  • trigeminal (V)
  • facial (VII)
18
Q

what is the sensory innervation of the VP

A
  • vagus (X)

- glossopharyngeal (IX)

19
Q

what are the physiological subsystems for speech

A
  • respiration
  • resonation
  • prosody
  • phonation
  • articulation
20
Q

what is the physiology of the VP

A
  • velar mvmt
  • lateral pharyngeal wall mvmt
  • posterior pharyngeal wall mvmc
  • passavant’s ridge
21
Q

what is Passavant’s Ridge

A

shelf-like ridge of muscle projecting from posterior pharyngeal wall into pharynx

22
Q

what are some factors that affect VP function

A
  • lack of muscle bulk (esp. elevator)
  • abnormal muscle insertion
  • malposition of repaired muscle
  • scar tissue (velum)
  • less faucial pillar pressure
  • short velum
  • deep pharynx
23
Q

what are growth and age changes in VP function

A
  • facial bones continue growth into early adulthood
  • pharynx: newborn 4 cm long, adult 20 cm long
  • nasopharynx: infancy>adult= +80% volume
24
Q

does VP function deteriorate as a factor of aging

A

no

25
Q

what are the VP closure variations for normal speakers

A
  • coronal
  • sagittal
  • circular
  • circular with passavant’s ridge
26
Q

what are the VP closure variations for the type of activity

A
  • speech
  • swallow
  • gag
  • vomit
27
Q

what are the VP closure variations for timing

A

-vp must be completely closed BEFORE phonation begins

28
Q

what are the aspects involved in VP closure variations

A
  • normal speakers
  • type of activity
  • timing
  • phonemes
  • rate & fatigue
29
Q

what are the VP closure variations for phonemes

A
  • affected by tongue mvmc of co-articualted sounds

- greatest force on fricatives and consonant

30
Q

what are the VP closure variations for rate and fatigue

A

increased speech rate and fatigue results in decreased closure force

cleft test 1 (7 decks)

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