A&P Exam II Numbers Flashcards
ALL ANSWERS ARE NUMBERS!
ERV
1.5 L
FRC
3.0 L
IC
3.0 L
IRV
2.5 L
RV
1.5 L
TLC
6.0 L
VA
350 mL
Vas
150 mL
VC
4.5 L
VT
0.5 L
CO2%
0.04%
N2%
79%
O2%
21%
Pcap
7 mmHg
Pis
-8 mmHg
Interstitial capillary onotic pressure (is)
14 mmHg
Pulmonary capillary oncotic pressure (cap)
28 mmHg
Atmospheric: PCO2
0.3 mmHg
PCO2
45 mmHg
PA
0 mmHg
PATM
760 mmHg or torr or 1 atm
PEL/ER
5 mmH2O
PIP/PL
-5 cmH2O
PIP/PL (Apex @ FRC)
-8.5 cmH2O
PIP/PL (Base @ FRC)
-1.5 cmH2O
PTP
5 cmH2O
Total Pressure
760 mmHg
Pressure at which we reach maximum lung volume
25-30 cmH2O
Airflow: into the lungs
-0.5 L/s
Airflow speed: Out the lungs
0.5 L/s
Pulmonary blood flow
5 L/min
VA (rate)
4.2 L/min
Vas/D (rate)
1.8 L/min
VT/E (rate)
6 L/min
Fluid-air surface tension forces in the alveoli
2/3
Tissue elastic forces
1/3
1 L RA
21%
Surfactant Composition: Lipid
90%
Surfactant Composition: Protein
10%
Unsaturated phosphatidylcholine
31%
Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine % of surfactant lipid
31%
Lung volume at which most alveoli are empty and/or collapsed
20%
TPP at which most alveoli begin to open
8 cmH2O
pN2
600.3 mmHg
Atomsphere: PO2
159.0 mmHg
PaO2
100 mmHg
PIO2
149.0 mmHg
PICO2
0.3 mmHg
PIN2
564.0 mmHg
PIH2O
47.0 mmHg
Anterior Scalene Muscles: Rib
1
Middle Scalene Muscles: Rib
1
Posterior Scalene Muscles: Rib
2
Anterior Scalene Muscles: Certical Vertebra
C3-C6
Middle Scalene Muscles: Cervical Vertebra
C3-C7
Posterior Scalene Muscles: Certical Vertebra
C5-C7
Anterior Scalene Muscles: Muscle
5
Middle Scalene Muscles: Muscle
6
Posterior Scalene Muscles: Muscle
7
Right Lung Lobes
3
Left Lung Lobes
2
Right Lung Fissures
2 (horizontal & oblique)
Left Lung Fissures
1 (oblique)
How much can the base of the lung fluctuate its position?
2-3 cm2
How many structures go through the diaphragm?
3 (AA, Esoph, IVC)
How many sides does the diaphragm have?
2 (leaflets or domes)
Right Lung Segments (Adult)
10
Left Lung Segments (Adult)
8
Right Lung Segments (Child)
10
Left Lung Segments (Child)
10
Total alveolar SA for gas exchange
70 m2
Generation: Trachea
0
Generation: Bronchi
1-3
Generation: Bronchioles
4
Generation: Terminal Bronchioles
5-16
Generation: Respiratory Bronchioles
17-19
Generation: Conducting Zone
0-16
Generation: Alveolar Ducts
20-22
Generation: Alveolar Sacs
23
Generation: Transitional and Respiratory Zones
17-23
Number Amount: Trachea
1
Number Amount: Bronchi
2
Number Amount: Terminal Bronchioles
6 x 104 (60,000)
Number Amount: Respiratory Bronchioles (gen 19)
5 x 105 (500,000)
Number Amount: Respiratory Bronchioles (gen 17-18)
6 x 104 (60,000)
Number Amount: Alveolar Ducts
5 x 105 (500,000)
Number Amount: Alveolar Sacs
8 x 106 (8,000,000)
Generation: Total
24
Total Cross-sectional area: Alveolar Sacs
104 cm2 (10,000)
Generation: When alveoli appear
17
Generation: All alveoli everywhere
20
Airflow at half-way point of expiration
0.5 L/s
PA: Peak Inspiration
-1 cmH2O
PA: Peak Expiration
1 cmH2O
Airflow: Peak Inspiration
-0.5 L/s
Airflow: Peak Expiration
0.5 L/s
VT: End of Inspiration
0.5 L
VT: Beginning of Expiration
0.5 L
PIP: End Expiration
-5 cmH2O
PIP: Beginning Inspiration
-5 cmH2O
PIP: Peak Inspiration
-7 cmH2O
PIP: Beginning Exhalation
-7 cmH2O
PIP/PL (Base @ RV)
4.8 cmH2O
PIP/PL (Apex @ RV)
-2.2 cmH2O
Total lung volume at the apex of the lung at FRC
60%
Total lung volume at the base of the lung at FRC
25%
Total lung volume at the apex of the lung at RV
30%
Total lung volume at the base of the lung at RV
10%
Isnt it 20%??
PTP (Apex @ RV)
2.2 cmH2O
PTP (Base @ RV)
-4.8 cmH2O
PTP (Apex @ FRC)
8.5 cmH2O
PTP (Base @ FRC)
1.5 cmH2O
Alveolar SA Cell Type: Type I
90-95%
Alveolar SA Cell Type: Type II
5-10%
Cyanosis
deoxyhemoglobin > 5 gm/dL
Deoyxgenated blood: O2
40 mmHg
Deoyxgenated blood: CO2
45 mmHg
Oxygenated blood: O2
100 mmHg
Oyxgenated blood: CO2
40 mmHg
Alveolus: CO2
40 mmHg
Alveolus: O2
100 mmHg
Inspired: O2
150 mmHg
Inspired: CO2
0 mmHg
Normal Lung Compliance
200 mL/cm H2O
Atomspheric Pressure in Alveoli
0 cmH2O
Oxygenated: PCO2
40 mmHg