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xxx Term 1: BIO 201.1 Human A&P I > A&P Chapters 14 - 16 > Flashcards

A&P Chapters 14 - 16 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. The articulation between the root of a tooth and the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla is called the:
    a. suture.
    b. gomphosis.
    c. synchondrosis.
    d. symphysis.
A
  1. b. gomphosis

Chapter 14, page 284

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2
Q
  1. Immovable joints are called:
    a. synarthroses.
    b. amphiarthroses.
    c. diarthroses.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. a. synarthroses

Chapter 14, page 284

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3
Q
  1. The radioulnar articulation is classified as which type of articulation?
    a. syndesmosis
    b. synchondrosis
    c. symphysis
    d. diarthrosis
A
  1. a. syndesmosis

Chapter 14, page 284

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4
Q
  1. The most movable joints in the body are:
    a. symphyses.
    b. sutures.
    c. synovial joints.
    d. synchondroses.
A
  1. c. synovial joints

Chapter 14, page 286

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5
Q
  1. An example of a symphysis is:
    a. the articulation between the pubic bones.

b. the articulation between the bodies of adjacent
vertebrae.

c. both a and b.
d. none of the above.

A
  1. c. both a and b

Chapter 14, page 286

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6
Q
  1. The inner surface of the joint capsule is lined with:
    a. bursae.
    b. a joint cavity.
    c. periosteum.
    d. synovial membrane.
A
  1. d. synovial membrane

Chapter 14, page 286

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7
Q
  1. The joint that allows for the widest range of movement is a __________ joint.
    a. gliding
    b. saddle
    c. ball-and-socket
    d. hinge
A
  1. c. ball-and-socket

Chapter 14, page 288

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8
Q
  1. An example of a pivot joint is the:
    a. first metacarpal articulating with the trapezium.
    b. humerus articulating with the trapezium.
    c. interphalangeal joints.
    d. head of the radius articulating with the ulna.
A
  1. d. head of the radius articulating with the ulna

Chapter 14, page 287

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9
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Diarthrosis and synovial joint refer to basically the same structure.
A

True, p. 286

Chapter 14: Articulations

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10
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The elbow joint is a ball-and-socket joint.
A

False, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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11
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The ability to oppose the fingers and thumb is achieved by a saddle joint.
A

True, p. 288

Chapter 14: Articulations

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12
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Articulation and joint are synonymous terms.
A

True, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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13
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Diarthrotic joints are the least common type of joint in the body.
A

False, p. 286

Chapter 14: Articulations

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14
Q

True or False

  1. ______ There are several examples of suture articulations throughout the entire body.
A

False, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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15
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Menisci are composed of hyaline cartilage.
A

False, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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16
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint.
A

True, p. 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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17
Q
  1. ______ joint between bodies of vertebrae
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. a. amphiarthroses, p. 286

Chapter 14: Articulations

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18
Q
  1. ______ symphysis pubis
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. a. amphiarthroses, p. 285

Chapter 14: Articulations

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19
Q
  1. ______ hip joint
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. b. diarthroses, p. 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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20
Q
  1. ______ fibrous joint
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. c. synarthroses, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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21
Q
  1. ______ immovable joint
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. c. synarthroses, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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22
Q
  1. ______ cartilaginous joint
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. a. amphiarthroses, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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23
Q
  1. ______ thumb
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. b. diarthroses, p. 288

Chapter 14: Articulations

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24
Q
  1. ______ joints between skull bones
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. c. synarthroses, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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25
Q
  1. ______ freely movable joint
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. b. diarthroses, p. 286

Chapter 14: Articulations

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26
Q
  1. ______ synovial joint
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. b. diarthroses, p. 286

Chapter 14: Articulations

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27
Q
  1. ______ slightly movable joint
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. a. amphiarthroses, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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28
Q
  1. ______ the most prevalent type of joint in the body
    a. amphiarthroses
    b. diarthroses
    c. synarthroses
A
  1. b. diarthroses, p. 286

Chapter 14: Articulations

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29
Q
  1. ______ elbow
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. d. hinge, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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30
Q
  1. ______ joints between facets of adjacent vertebrae
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. c. gliding, p. 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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31
Q
  1. ______ ellipsoidal
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. b. condyloid, p. 288

Chapter 14: Articulations

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32
Q
  1. ______ dens of axis/atlas joint
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. e. pivot, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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33
Q
  1. ______ knee joint
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. d. hinge, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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34
Q
  1. ______ least movable group of the synovial joints
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. c. gliding, pages. 288 and 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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35
Q
  1. ______ hip joint
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. a. ball and socket, p. 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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36
Q
  1. ______ shoulder joint
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. a. ball and socket, p. 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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37
Q
  1. ______ joint between first metacarpal and trapezium
    a. ball and socket
    b. condyloid
    c. gliding
    d. hinge
    e. pivot
    f. saddle
A
  1. f. saddle, p. 288

Chapter 14: Articulations

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38
Q
  1. The glenoid labrum is associated with which joint?
    a. hip
    b. knee
    c. shoulder
    d. vertebral
A
  1. c. shoulder, p. 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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39
Q
  1. Perhaps the strongest ligament in the body is the:
    a. rotator cuff.
    b. iliofemoral.
    c. pubofemoral.
    d. intertrochanteric.
A
  1. b. iliofemoral, p. 293

Chapter 14: Articulations

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40
Q
  1. The largest and most complex joint of the body is the:
    a. shoulder.
    b. knee.
    c. hip.
    d. ankle.
A
  1. b. knee, p. 293

Chapter 14: Articulations

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41
Q
  1. The anterior cruciate ligament of the knee connects the:
    a. anterior tibia with the posterior femur.
    b. posterior tibia with the anterior femur.
    c. anterior fibula with the posterior femur.
    d. anterior fibula with the anterior femur.
A
  1. a. anterior tibia with the posterior femur, p. 294

Chapter 14: Articulations

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42
Q
  1. Vertebral bodies are connected by:
    a. the anterior longitudinal ligament.
    b. the posterior longitudinal ligament.
    c. the ligamentum flavum.
    d. both a and b.
A
  1. d. both a and b, p. 298

Chapter 14: Articulations

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43
Q
  1. Protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through the annulus fibrosus results in:
    a. bursitis.
    b. housemaid’s knee.
    c. herniated disk.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. c. herniated disk, p. 298

Chapter 14: Articulations

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44
Q
  1. The medial and lateral menisci are:
    a. ligaments.
    b. cartilage.
    c. bursae.
    d. none of the above.
A
  1. b. cartilage, p. 294

Chapter 14: Articulations

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45
Q
  1. “Joint mice” are structurally:
    a. impinged bursae.
    b. loose pieces of synovial membrane.
    c. loose pieces of articular cartilage.
    d. cracks in the articular cartilage.
A
  1. c. loose pieces of articular cartilage, p. 306

Chapter 14: Articulations

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46
Q
  1. ______ instrument that measures range of motion
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. e. goniometer, p. 298

Chapter 14: Articulations

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47
Q
  1. ______ lifting the arms away from the midline
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. c. abduction, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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48
Q
  1. ______ turning the head as to say “no”
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. f. rotation, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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49
Q
  1. ______ elbow movement, as when lifting weights during a “bicep curl”
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. g. flexion, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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50
Q
  1. ______ increasing joint angle
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. b. extension, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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51
Q
  1. ______ moving beyond extension
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. d. hyperextension, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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52
Q
  1. ______ causes extension of the leg as a whole
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. a. plantar flexion, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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53
Q
  1. ______ turning sole of foot inward
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. h. inversion, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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54
Q
  1. ______ opening your mouth
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. i. depression, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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55
Q
  1. ______ bringing fingers together
    a. plantar flexion
    b. extension
    c. abduction
    d. hyperextension
    e. goniometer
    f. rotation
    g. flexion
    h. inversion
    i. depression
    j. adduction
A
  1. j. adduction, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

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56
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. _____________________ is an imaging technique that allows a physician to examine the internal structure of a joint without the use of extensive surgery.
A
  1. Arthroscopy, p. 307

Chapter 14: Articulations

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57
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. The most common noninflammatory joint disease is ________________, or __________________ _______________ ___________________.
A
  1. osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease, p. 306

Chapter 14: Articulations

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58
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. A general name for many different inflammatory joint diseases is _________________.
A
  1. arthritis, p. 308

Chapter 14: Articulations

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59
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. A metabolic type of inflammatory arthritis is _________________ _______________.
A
  1. gouty arthritis, p. 308

Chapter 14: Articulations

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60
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. An acute musculoskeletal injury to the ligamentous structure surrounding a joint and disrupting the continuity of the synovial membrane is a _______________.
A
  1. sprain, p. 307

Chapter 14: Articulations

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61
Q

APPLYING WHAT YOU KNOW

  1. Lowell is afflicted with severely inflamed joints because of arthritis. If he is suffering from the chronic systemic version of this disease, what symptoms would he be experiencing? Which joints are most likely involved and what is the most likely cause?
A
  1. (a) Nodular swelling, joint pain, tenderness, aching, stiffness, and limited motion. Systemic symptoms may also include fever, anemia, weight loss, profound fatigue, and possible pericarditis.
    (b) Small joints of the hand, wrist, and feet progressing often to the larger joints.

Chapter 14: Articulations

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62
Q

APPLYING WHAT YOU KNOW

  1. Sam is suffering from a type of arthritis associated with excess blood levels of uric acid. What type of arthritis is this? What symptoms might he experience, which joints would be affected, and how is this form of arthritis treated?
A

62.

(a) Gouty arthritis.
(b) Swelling, tenderness, and pain, typically in the joints of the fingers, wrists, elbows, ankles, and knees.
(c) Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is the drug of choice to treat this disease.

Chapter 14: Articulations

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63
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. Freely movable joints are
    (amphiarthroses or diarthroses).
A
  1. diarthroses, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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64
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. The sutures in the skull are (synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic).
A
  1. synarthrotic, p. 284

Chapter 14: Articulations

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65
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. All (diarthrotic or amphiarthrotic) joints have a joint capsule, a joint cavity, and a layer of cartilage over the ends of the two adjoining bones.
A
  1. diarthrotic, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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66
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. (Ligaments or tendons) grow out of periosteum and attach two bones together.
A
  1. ligaments, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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67
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. The (articular cartilage or epiphyseal cartilage) cushions surfaces of bones.
A
  1. articular cartilage, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

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68
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. Gliding joints are the (least movable or most movable) of the diarthrotic joints.
A
  1. least movable, p. 289

Chapter 14: Articulations

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69
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. The knee is the (largest or smallest) joint.
A
  1. largest, p. 293

Chapter 14: Articulations

70
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. Hinge joints allow motion in (two or four) directions.
A
  1. two, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

71
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. The saddle joint at the base of each of our thumbs allows for greater (strength or mobility).
A
  1. mobility, p. 288

Chapter 14: Articulations

72
Q

Which is the correct answer.

  1. When you rotate your head, you are using a (gliding or pivot) joint.
A
  1. pivot, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

73
Q

True or False

  1. ______ A uniaxial joint is a synovial joint.
A
  1. True, p. 287

Chapter 14: Articulations

74
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Joints identified as synchondroses are synovial joints.
A
  1. False, p. 285

Chapter 14: Articulations

75
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Inflammation of the bursa is referred to as pleurisy.
A
  1. False, p. 306

Chapter 14: Articulations

76
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The main bursa of the shoulder joint is the subdeltoid bursa.
A
  1. True, p. 290

Chapter 14: Articulations

77
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Angular movements change the size of the angle between articulating bones.
A
  1. True, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

78
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Pronation is a circular movement.
A
  1. True, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

79
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Gliding movements are the most complex of movements.
A
  1. False, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

80
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Protraction is an angular movement.
A
  1. False, p. 299

Chapter 14: Articulations

81
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is more common in boys.
A
  1. False, p. 308

Chapter 14: Articulations

82
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The knee joint has a “baker’s dozen,” or 13, bursae, which serve as protective pads around it.
A
  1. True, p. 294

Chapter 14: Articulations

83
Q
  1. An entire skeletal muscle is covered by a coarse sheath called:
    a. endomysium.
    b. perimysium.
    c. epimysium.
    d. aponeurosis.
A
  1. c. epimysium, p. 314

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

84
Q
  1. Muscles that are arranged like the feathers in a plume are described as:
    a. parallel.
    b. convergent.
    c. sphincter.
    d. pennate.
A
  1. d. pennate, p. 317

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

85
Q
  1. An aponeurosis is:
    a. broad and flat.
    b. tube shaped.
    c. featherlike.
    d. none of the above.
A

3.

a. broad and flat, p. 314

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

86
Q
  1. Antagonists are muscles that:
    a. oppose prime movers.
    b. facilitate prime movers.
    c. stabilize muscles.
    d. directly perform movements.
A

4.

a. oppose prime movers, p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

87
Q
  1. A fixed point about which a rod moves is called a:
    a. lever.
    b. bone.
    c. belly.
    d. fulcrum.
A

5.

d. fulcrum, p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

88
Q
  1. In first-class levers, the:
    a. fulcrum is between the pull and the load.
    b. load is between the fulcrum and the force.
    c. force is between the fulcrum and the load.
    d. load and force are equal.
A
  1. a. fulcrum is between the pull and the load, p. 319

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

89
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The origin of a muscle is the point of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts.
A
  1. False, p. 317

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

90
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Skeletal muscles usually act in groups rather than individually.
A
  1. True, p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

91
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Prime mover and agonist are synonymous.
A
  1. True, p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

92
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The optimum angle of pull of a muscle is generally parallel to the long axis of the bone.
A
  1. False, p. 319

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

93
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Tipping the head back, as in looking up at the sky, is an example of the function of a first-class lever.
A
  1. True, p. 319

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

94
Q
  1. ______ deltoid
    a. location
    b. function
    c. shape
    d. direction of fibers
    e. number of heads
    f. points of attachment
    g. size of muscle
A

12.

c. shape, p. 322

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

95
Q
  1. ______ brachialis
    a. location
    b. function
    c. shape
    d. direction of fibers
    e. number of heads
    f. points of attachment
    g. size of muscle
A
  1. a. location, p. 321

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

96
Q
  1. ______ sternocleidomastoid
    a. location
    b. function
    c. shape
    d. direction of fibers
    e. number of heads
    f. points of attachment
    g. size of muscle
A
  1. f. points of attachment, p. 322

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

97
Q
  1. ______ quadriceps
    a. location
    b. function
    c. shape
    d. direction of fibers
    e. number of heads
    f. points of attachment
    g. size of muscle
A
  1. e. number of heads, p. 322

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

98
Q
  1. ______ gluteus maximus
    a. location
    b. function
    c. shape
    d. direction of fibers
    e. number of heads
    f. points of attachment
    g. size of muscle
A
  1. g. size of muscle, p. 322

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

99
Q
  1. ______ adductor
    a. location
    b. function
    c. shape
    d. direction of fibers
    e. number of heads
    f. points of attachment
    g. size of muscle
A
  1. b. function, p. 321

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

100
Q
  1. ______ rectus
    a. location
    b. function
    c. shape
    d. direction of fibers
    e. number of heads
    f. points of attachment
    g. size of muscle
A
  1. d. direction of fibers, p. 322

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

101
Q
  1. ______ wrinkling the forehead vertically
    a. buccinator
    b. corrugator supercilii
    c. epicranius
    d. orbicularis oculi
    e. pterygoids
    f. sternocleidomastoid
A
  1. b. corrugator supercilii, p. 325

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

102
Q
  1. ______ grating the teeth during mastication
    a. buccinator
    b. corrugator supercilii
    c. epicranius
    d. orbicularis oculi
    e. pterygoids
    f. sternocleidomastoid
A
  1. e. pterygoids, p. 325

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

103
Q
  1. ______ kissing
    a. buccinator
    b. corrugator supercilii
    c. epicranius
    d. orbicularis oculi
    e. pterygoids
    f. sternocleidomastoid
A
  1. a. buccinator, p. 325

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

104
Q
  1. ______ raising the eyebrows
    a. buccinator
    b. corrugator supercilii
    c. epicranius
    d. orbicularis oculi
    e. pterygoids
    f. sternocleidomastoid
A
  1. c. epicranius, p. 324

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

105
Q
  1. ______ flexing the head
    a. buccinator
    b. corrugator supercilii
    c. epicranius
    d. orbicularis oculi
    e. pterygoids
    f. sternocleidomastoid
A
  1. f. sternocleidomastoid, p. 326

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

106
Q
  1. ______ closing the eyes
    a. buccinator
    b. corrugator supercilii
    c. epicranius
    d. orbicularis oculi
    e. pterygoids
    f. sternocleidomastoid
A
  1. d. orbicularis oculi, p. 325

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

107
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The external oblique compresses the abdomen.
A
  1. True, p. 329

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

108
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The rectus abdominis flexes the trunk.
A
  1. True, p. 329

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

109
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The levator ani closes the anal canal.
A
  1. False, p. 332

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

110
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The external intercostals elevate the ribs.
A
  1. True, p. 327

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

111
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The coccygeus muscles and levator ani form most of the pelvic floor.
A
  1. True, p. 332

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

112
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The muscles of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall are arranged in three layers.
A
  1. True, p. 328

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

113
Q

APPLYING WHAT YOU KNOW

  1. Jack played football and was tackled so severely that he had “the wind knocked out of him,” according to his coach. What muscles of respiration might have been temporarily affected by this tackle?
A

External intercostals, internal intercostals, diaphragm, and rectus abdominis

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

114
Q

APPLYING WHAT YOU KNOW

  1. Alex broke his humerus while playing lacrosse. The break was healing well, but there was also significant damage to the brachialis muscle that concerned his doctor. Alex was referred to physical therapy for rehabilitation. What is the principle used to assess muscle action in a lever system? To assess brachialis muscle strength correctly, the forearm should be in what position?
A
  1. (1) Optimum angle of pull
    (2) Flexed at the elbow

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

115
Q
  1. ______ bends head and neck laterally
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. b. semispinalis capitis, p. 326

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

116
Q
  1. ______ elevates ribs
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. c. external intercostals, p. 327

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

117
Q
  1. ______ enlarges thorax
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. d. diaphragm, p. 327

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

118
Q
  1. ______ “prayer” muscle
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. a. sternocleidomastoid, p. 326

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

119
Q
  1. ______ provides important postural function
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. e. internal oblique, p. 329

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

120
Q
  1. ______ flexes trunk
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. j. rectus abdominis, p. 329

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

121
Q
  1. ______ depresses last rib
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. g. quadratus lumborum, p. 322

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

122
Q
  1. ______ extends vertebral column
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. f. erector spinal group, p. 332

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

123
Q
  1. ______ helps form the floor of the pelvic cavity
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. h. levator ani , p. 332

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

124
Q
  1. ______ assists in laughing
    a. sternocleidomastoid
    b. semispinalis capitis
    c. external intercostals
    d. diaphragm
    e. internal oblique
    f. erector spinal group
    g. quadratus lumborum
    h. levator ani
    i. zygomaticus major
    j. rectus abdominis
A
  1. i. zygomaticus major, p. 324

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

125
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. Fascicles are bound together into bundles by a tough connective tissue envelope called the _____________.
A
  1. perimysium, p. 314

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

126
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. ______________ muscles have fascicles that radiate out from a small to a wider point of attachment, much like the blades in a fan.
A
  1. Convergent, p. 317

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

127
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. The prime mover is also known as the ___________________.
A
  1. agonist, p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

128
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. When a muscle shortens, the central body portion called the ____________ contracts.
A
  1. belly, p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

129
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. Lever systems have four component parts: (1) a lever, (2) a fulcrum, (3) a load, and (4) a __________.
A
  1. pull (P), p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

130
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. During _______________ the diaphragm flattens.
A
  1. inspiration, p. 327

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

131
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. The muscular pelvic floor filling the diamond-shaped outlet is called the ________________.
A
  1. perineum, p. 332

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

132
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. A ____________ is any rigid bar free to turn about a fixed point called its fulcrum.
A
  1. lever, p. 318

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

133
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. The deltoid is so-named because of its descriptive ____________.
A
  1. shape, p. 322

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

134
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. The powerful muscles that either elevate or retract the mandible are the __________ and the ______________.
A
  1. masseter and temporalis, p. 325

Chapter 15: Axial Muscles

135
Q
  1. All of the following are rotator cuff muscles except:
    a. deltoid.
    b. infraspinatus.
    c. supraspinatus.
    d. teres minor.
A
  1. a. deltoid, p. 342

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

136
Q
  1. The muscle that shrugs the shoulders is the:
    a. sternocleidomastoid.
    b. deltoid.
    c. trapezius.
    d. pectoralis minor.
A
  1. c. trapezius, p. 338

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

137
Q
  1. The posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm is the:
    a. triceps brachii.
    b. triceps surae.
    c. brachialis.
    d. biceps brachii.
A
  1. a. triceps brachii, p. 343

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

138
Q
  1. The olecranon of the ulna is a site of insertion for the:
    a. biceps brachii.
    b. brachialis.
    c. brachioradialis.
    d. triceps brachii.
A
  1. d. triceps brachii, p. 343

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

139
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Intrinsic muscles of the hand originate on the forearm and insert on the metacarpals.
A
  1. False, p. 345

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

140
Q

True or False

  1. ______ Carpal tunnel syndrome affects the median nerve.
A
  1. True, p. 347

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

141
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The deltoid is a good example of a multifunctional muscle.
A
  1. True, p. 341

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

142
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The pectoralis major flexes the upper arm.
A
  1. True, p. 340

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

143
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The biceps brachii is an extensor muscle.
A
  1. False, p. 343

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

144
Q
  1. The muscles of the quadriceps femoris include all of the following except:
    a. vastus intermedius.
    b. vastus medialis.
    c. vastus lateralis.
    d. vastus femoris.
A
  1. d. vastus femoris, p. 355

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

145
Q
  1. The anterior superior iliac spine is the site of origin for the:
    a. sartorius.
    b. rectus femoris.
    c. gracilis.
    d. iliacus.
A
  1. a. sartorius, p. 355

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

146
Q
  1. A common site for intramuscular injections is the:
    a. gluteus maximus.
    b. gluteus minimus.
    c. gluteus medius.
    d. tensor fasciae latae.
A
  1. c. gluteus medius, p. 353

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

147
Q
  1. Plantar flexion of the foot is achieved by the:
    a. tibialis anterior.
    b. tibialis posterior.
    c. peroneus brevis.
    d. soleus.
A
  1. d. soleus, p. 356

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

148
Q
  1. The muscles of the hamstrings include all of the following except the:
    a. iliopsoas.
    b. semitendinosus.
    c. semimembranosus.
    d. biceps femoris.
A
  1. a. iliopsoas, p. 355

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

149
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The Achilles tendon is common to both the gastrocnemius and soleus.
A
  1. True, p. 356

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

150
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The iliopsoas is composed solely of the psoas major and the iliacus.
A
  1. False, p. 349

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

151
Q

True or False

  1. ______ The vastus intermedius originates on the posterior surface of the femur.
A
  1. False, p. 355

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

152
Q

APPLYING WHAT YOU KNOW

  1. Mr. Lynch spends hours typing on his computer. As of late, he is experiencing weakness, pain, and tingling in the palm and radial aspect of the hand. What condition may he be experiencing? Which anatomical structures are most likely involved? Which options for treatment are available?
A
  1. (a) Carpal tunnel syndrome.
    (b) The wrist, hand, and fingers are affected due to tenosynovitis. Pain may radiate to the forearm and shoulder.
    (c) Injections of anti-inflammatory agents or surgical removal of tissue pressing on median nerve.

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

153
Q

APPLYING WHAT YOU KNOW

  1. The nurse was preparing an injection for Mrs. Tatakis. The amount to be given was 2 mL. What area of the body will the nurse most likely select for the injection?
A
  1. deltoid area.

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

154
Q

APPLYING WHAT YOU KNOW

  1. Al is analyzing the musculature involved in the athletes he coaches. Today he is observing a basketball player executing a jump shot. Which muscles are involved at the hips, knees, and ankles as the athlete jumps? Which muscles are involved at the shoulders, elbows, and wrists as the athlete shoots the basketball?
A

Review the list of Tables (16-1, 16-2, 16-3, 16-4, 16-5, 16-6, 16-7) provided in the chapter that show the muscles involved with the shoulders, elbows, wrists and hips, knees and ankles

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

155
Q
  1. ______ Trapezius
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. b. extensor, p. 339

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

156
Q
  1. ______ Rhomboid major
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. e. rotator, p. 339

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

157
Q
  1. ______ Gastrocnemius
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. a. flexor AND b. extensor, p. 356

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

158
Q
  1. ______ Biceps brachii
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. a. flexor, p. 343

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

159
Q
  1. ______ Gluteus medius
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. c. abductor AND e. rotator, p. 349

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

160
Q
  1. ______ Soleus
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor, p. 356

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

161
Q
  1. ______ Iliopsoas
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. a. flexor, p. 349

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

162
Q
  1. ______ Pectoralis major
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. a. flexor AND d. adductor, p. 340

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

163
Q
  1. ______ Gluteus maximus
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. b. extensor AND e. rotator, p. 349

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

164
Q
  1. ______ Triceps brachii
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. b. extensor, p. 343

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

165
Q
  1. ______ Deltoid
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. a. flexor AND b. extensor AND c. abductor, p. 340

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

166
Q
  1. ______ Fibularis longus
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. b. extensor, p. 356

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

167
Q
  1. ______ Gracilis
    a. flexor
    b. extensor
    c. abductor
    d. adductor
    e. rotator
    f. dorsiflexor or plantar flexor
A
  1. a. flexor AND d. adductor, p. 349

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

168
Q

Fill in the blanks.

  1. Muscles that are responsible for such movements as dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion of the foot are the ____________ ____________ ____________.
A
  1. extrinsic foot muscles, p. 356

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

169
Q
  1. Another common name for the calcaneal tendon is the __________ tendon.
A
  1. Achilles, p. 356

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

170
Q

The rotator cuff muscles are:

  1. _____________
  2. _____________
  3. _____________ _________
  4. ______________
A
  1. supraspinatus, p. 341
  2. infraspinatus, p. 341
  3. teres minor, p. 341
  4. subscapularis, p. 341

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

171
Q
  1. If less than 2 mL of medication is to be injected into the muscle, the common muscle that is preferred as the site is the_________________ muscle.
A
  1. deltoid, p. 353

Chapter 16: Appendicular Muscles

xxx Term 1: BIO 201.1 Human A&P I (9 decks)

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