A&P Chapter 5: Cell Structure Vocabulary Flashcards
Aster
AS-ter
“aster” meaning star
Centriole
SEN-tree-ohl
“centr-“ meaning center;
“-ole” meaning small
Centrosome
SEN-troh-sohm
“centr-“ meaning center;
“-som” meaning body
Chromatin
KROH-mah-tin
“chrom-“ meaning color;
“-in” meaning substance
Chromosome
KROH-meh-sohm
“chrom-“ meaning color;
“-som” meaning body
Chromosome Territory (CT)
KROH-meh-sohm TAIR-it-or-ee
“chrom-“ meaning color;
“-som-“ meaning body;
“terri-“ meaning land;
“-ory” meaning place
Cilium
SIL-ee-um
“cili-“ meaning eyelid;
“-um” meaning thing (eyelash)
BONUS!
The plural form of “cilium” is called “cilia”
Composite Cell
kahm-PAH-zit sell
“composite” meaning to assemble;
“cell” meaning storeroom
crista
KR-iss-TA
“crista” meaning crest or fold
BONUS!
The plural form of “crista” is called “cristae”
Cytoplasm
SYE-toh-plaz-em
“cyto-“ meaning cell;
“-plasm” meaning substance
Cytoskeleton
sye-toh-SKEL-e-ton
“cyto-“ meaning cell;
“-skeleto-“ meaning dried body
Desmosome
DES-mo-sohm
“desmos-“ meaning band;
“-som-“ meaning body
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
en-doh-PLAZ-mik reh-TIK-yoo-lum
"endo-" meaning inward or within; "-plasm-" meaning substance; "-ic" meaning relating to; "ret-" meaning net; "-ic-" meaning relating to; "-ul-" meaning little "-um" meaning thing
BONUS!
The plural form of “endoplasmic reticulum” is called “endoplasmic reticula”
Flagellum
flah-JEL-um
“flagellum” meaning whip
BONUS!
The plural form of “flagellum” is called “flagella”
Fluid Mosaic Model
FLOO-id mo-ZAY-ik MAHD-el
Define here, Jeff!
Gap Junction
gap JUNK-shen
Define here too, Jeff!
Golgi Apparatus
GOL-jee ap-ah-RA-tus
Named after Camillo Golgi, Italian histologist
Hydrophilic
hye-dro-FIL-ik
“hydro-“ meaning water;
“-phil-“ meaning love;
“-ic” meaning relating to
Hydrophobic
hye-droh-FOH-bik
“hydro-“ meaning water;
“-phob-“ meaning fear;
“-ic” meaning relating to
Integral Membrane Protein (IMP)
IN-te-grel MEM-brayn PROH-teen
"integr-" meaning whole; "-al" meaning relating to; "membran-" meaning thin skin; "prote-" primary; "-in" meaning substance
Intermediate Filament
in-ter-MEE-dee-it FIL-ah-ment
“inter-“ meaning between;
“-mediate” meaning divide;
“fila-“ meaning threadlike;
“–ment” meaning process
Lysosome
LYE-so-sohm
“lyso-“ meaning loosen;
“-som-“ meaning body
Microfilament
my-kroh-FIL-ah-ment
“micro” meaning small;
“-fila-“ meaning threadlike;
“-ment” meaning thing
Microscopy
my-KRAH-skah-pee
“micro-“ meaning small;
“-scop-“ meaning see;
“-y” meaning activity
Microtubule
my-kroh-TOOB-yool
“micro-“ meaning small;
“-tubule” meaning little tube
Microvillus
my-kroh-VIL-us
“micro-“ meaning small;
“-villus” meaning shaggy hair
BONUS!
The plural form of “microvillus” is called “microvilli”
Mitochondrion
my-toh-KON-dree-on
“mito-“ meaning thread;
“-chondrion-“ meaning granule
BONUS!
The plural form of “mitochondrion” is called “mitochondria”
Molecular Motor
mo-LEK-yoo-lar MO-ter
"mole-" meaning mass; "-cul-" meaning small; "-ar" meaning relating to; "mot-" meaning move; "-or" meaning agent
Nucleolus
noo-KLEE-oh-lus
“nucleo-“ meaning nucleus (kernel);
“-olus” meaning little
BONUS!
The plural form of “nucleolus” is called “nucleoli”
Nucleus
NOO-klee-us
“nucleus” meaning kernel
BONUS!
The plural form of “nucleus” is called “nuclei”
Organelle
org-an-EL
“organ-“ meaning tool or organ;
“-elle” meaning small
Peroxisome
pe-ROKS-ih-sohm
“peroxi-“ meaning hydrogen peroxide;
“-soma” meaning body
Plasma Membrane
PLAZ-mah MEM-brayne
“plasma” meaning substance;
“membran-“ meaning thin skin
Proteasome
PROH-tee-ah-sohm
“protea-“ meaning protein;
“-som-“ meaning body
Raft Receptor
r-AFT ree-SEP-tor
“recept-“ meaning receive;
“-or” meaning agent
Ribosome
RYE-boh-sohm
“ribo-“ meaning ribose or RNA;
“-som-“ meaning body
Signal Transduction
SIG-nal tranz-DUK-shen
“trans-“ meaning across;
“-duc-“ meaning transfer;
“-tion” meaning process
tight junction
(tite JUNK-shen)
DEFINE
Vesicle
VES-i-kul
“vesic-“ blister;
“-cle” meaning little
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)
AHLZ-hye-mer
Alois Alzheimer German neurologist
Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
dye-ah-BEE-teez mell-EYE-tus
“diabetes” meaning pass-through or siphon;
“mellitus” meaning honey-sweet
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
doo-SHEN MUSS-kyoo-lar DISS-troh-fee
Duchenne Guillaume B.A. Duchenne de Boulogne; French neurologist
“muscul-“ meaning little mouse (muscle);
“-ar” meaning relating to;
“dys-“ meaning bad;
“-troph-“ meaning nourishment;
“-y” meaning state
Parkinson Disease (PD)
PAR-kin-son
James Parkinson English physician
