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xxx Term 1: BIO 201.1 Human A&P I > A&P Chapter 5: Cell Structure Vocabulary > Flashcards

A&P Chapter 5: Cell Structure Vocabulary Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Aster

AS-ter

A

“aster” meaning star

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2
Q

Centriole

SEN-tree-ohl

A

“centr-“ meaning center;

“-ole” meaning small

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3
Q

Centrosome

SEN-troh-sohm

A

“centr-“ meaning center;

“-som” meaning body

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4
Q

Chromatin

KROH-mah-tin

A

“chrom-“ meaning color;

“-in” meaning substance

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5
Q

Chromosome

KROH-meh-sohm

A

“chrom-“ meaning color;

“-som” meaning body

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6
Q

Chromosome Territory (CT)

KROH-meh-sohm TAIR-it-or-ee

A

“chrom-“ meaning color;
“-som-“ meaning body;
“terri-“ meaning land;
“-ory” meaning place

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7
Q

Cilium

SIL-ee-um

A

“cili-“ meaning eyelid;
“-um” meaning thing (eyelash)

BONUS!
The plural form of “cilium” is called “cilia”

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8
Q

Composite Cell

kahm-PAH-zit sell

A

“composite” meaning to assemble;

“cell” meaning storeroom

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9
Q

crista

KR-iss-TA

A

“crista” meaning crest or fold

BONUS!
The plural form of “crista” is called “cristae”

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10
Q

Cytoplasm

SYE-toh-plaz-em

A

“cyto-“ meaning cell;

“-plasm” meaning substance

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11
Q

Cytoskeleton

sye-toh-SKEL-e-ton

A

“cyto-“ meaning cell;

“-skeleto-“ meaning dried body

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12
Q

Desmosome

DES-mo-sohm

A

“desmos-“ meaning band;

“-som-“ meaning body

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13
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

en-doh-PLAZ-mik reh-TIK-yoo-lum

A 
"endo-" meaning inward or within; 
"-plasm-" meaning substance; 
"-ic" meaning relating to; 
"ret-" meaning net; 
"-ic-" meaning relating to; 
"-ul-" meaning little 
"-um" meaning thing

BONUS!
The plural form of “endoplasmic reticulum” is called “endoplasmic reticula”

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14
Q

Flagellum

flah-JEL-um

A

“flagellum” meaning whip

BONUS!
The plural form of “flagellum” is called “flagella”

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15
Q

Fluid Mosaic Model

FLOO-id mo-ZAY-ik MAHD-el

A

Define here, Jeff!

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16
Q

Gap Junction

gap JUNK-shen

A

Define here too, Jeff!

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17
Q

Golgi Apparatus

GOL-jee ap-ah-RA-tus

A

Named after Camillo Golgi, Italian histologist

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18
Q

Hydrophilic

hye-dro-FIL-ik

A

“hydro-“ meaning water;
“-phil-“ meaning love;
“-ic” meaning relating to

19
Q

Hydrophobic

hye-droh-FOH-bik

A

“hydro-“ meaning water;
“-phob-“ meaning fear;
“-ic” meaning relating to

20
Q

Integral Membrane Protein (IMP)

IN-te-grel MEM-brayn PROH-teen

A 
"integr-" meaning whole; 
"-al" meaning relating to; 
"membran-" meaning thin skin; 
"prote-" primary; 
"-in" meaning substance
21
Q

Intermediate Filament

in-ter-MEE-dee-it FIL-ah-ment

A

“inter-“ meaning between;
“-mediate” meaning divide;
“fila-“ meaning threadlike;
“–ment” meaning process

22
Q

Lysosome

LYE-so-sohm

A

“lyso-“ meaning loosen;

“-som-“ meaning body

23
Q

Microfilament

my-kroh-FIL-ah-ment

A

“micro” meaning small;
“-fila-“ meaning threadlike;
“-ment” meaning thing

24
Q

Microscopy

my-KRAH-skah-pee

A

“micro-“ meaning small;
“-scop-“ meaning see;
“-y” meaning activity

25
Q

Microtubule

my-kroh-TOOB-yool

A

“micro-“ meaning small;

“-tubule” meaning little tube

26
Q

Microvillus

my-kroh-VIL-us

A

“micro-“ meaning small;
“-villus” meaning shaggy hair

BONUS!
The plural form of “microvillus” is called “microvilli”

27
Q

Mitochondrion

my-toh-KON-dree-on

A

“mito-“ meaning thread;
“-chondrion-“ meaning granule

BONUS!
The plural form of “mitochondrion” is called “mitochondria”

28
Q

Molecular Motor

mo-LEK-yoo-lar MO-ter

A 
"mole-" meaning mass; 
"-cul-" meaning small; 
"-ar" meaning relating to;
"mot-" meaning move; 
"-or" meaning agent
29
Q

Nucleolus

noo-KLEE-oh-lus

A

“nucleo-“ meaning nucleus (kernel);
“-olus” meaning little

BONUS!
The plural form of “nucleolus” is called “nucleoli”

30
Q

Nucleus

NOO-klee-us

A

“nucleus” meaning kernel

BONUS!
The plural form of “nucleus” is called “nuclei”

31
Q

Organelle

org-an-EL

A

“organ-“ meaning tool or organ;

“-elle” meaning small

32
Q

Peroxisome

pe-ROKS-ih-sohm

A

“peroxi-“ meaning hydrogen peroxide;

“-soma” meaning body

33
Q

Plasma Membrane

PLAZ-mah MEM-brayne

A

“plasma” meaning substance;

“membran-“ meaning thin skin

34
Q

Proteasome

PROH-tee-ah-sohm

A

“protea-“ meaning protein;

“-som-“ meaning body

35
Q

Raft Receptor

r-AFT ree-SEP-tor

A

“recept-“ meaning receive;

“-or” meaning agent

36
Q

Ribosome

RYE-boh-sohm

A

“ribo-“ meaning ribose or RNA;

“-som-“ meaning body

37
Q

Signal Transduction

SIG-nal tranz-DUK-shen

A

“trans-“ meaning across;
“-duc-“ meaning transfer;
“-tion” meaning process

38
Q

tight junction

(tite JUNK-shen)

A

DEFINE

39
Q

Vesicle

VES-i-kul

A

“vesic-“ blister;

“-cle” meaning little

40
Q

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)

AHLZ-hye-mer

A

Alois Alzheimer German neurologist

41
Q

Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

dye-ah-BEE-teez mell-EYE-tus

A

“diabetes” meaning pass-through or siphon;

“mellitus” meaning honey-sweet

42
Q

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)

doo-SHEN MUSS-kyoo-lar DISS-troh-fee

A

Duchenne Guillaume B.A. Duchenne de Boulogne; French neurologist
“muscul-“ meaning little mouse (muscle);
“-ar” meaning relating to;
“dys-“ meaning bad;
“-troph-“ meaning nourishment;
“-y” meaning state

43
Q

Parkinson Disease (PD)

PAR-kin-son

A

James Parkinson English physician

xxx Term 1: BIO 201.1 Human A&P I (9 decks)

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