A&P Ch.5 Histology

Question 1

Histology

Answer 1

Study of tissues and how they are arranged into organs

Question 2

Tissue

Answer 2

Group of similar cells and cell products that arise from the same region of the embryo and work together to perform a specific structural structure or physiological role in an organ.

Question 3

Tissue components

Answer 3

Cells

Matrix

Question 4

Matrix

Answer 4

Extracellular material
Composed of Fibrous proteins (fiber)
Ground substance-clear gel (aka ECF, Tissue fluid, intestinal fluid)

Question 5

Muscle and epithelium matrix

Answer 5

scarcely visible because cells are close together

Question 6

Connective tissue matrix

Answer 6

Usually occupies more space than cells

Question 7

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 7

• Avascular
• Sheet of closely adhering cells, oner or more cells thick
• Cover the body surface, lines body cavities
• Forms external and internal lining of many organs
• Forms glands
• Serve for protection, secretion and absorption

Question 8

Epithelial Tissue Loc.

Answer 8

Epidermis
Inner lining of dig. tract
Liver and other glands

Question 9

Epidermis

Answer 9

Stratified squamous epithelium
constitutes superficial layer of skin 
overlying dermis (skin)

Question 10

Epithelial Tissue Functions

Answer 10

Protect- tissue from invasion or injury
Secretion-Prod. mucus, sweat, enzymes, hormones etc.
Excretion-void wastes, CO2 across pulmo. epith and bile from epith of small int

Question 11

Epithelial Tissue Functions

Answer 11

Absorption- of chem. nutrients absorbed through epith of small intes.
Filtration- kidney’s epith filters urinary waste
subts leaving blood by blood vessels epith
Sensation-Epiht Nerve endings that sense stimulation

Question 12

Basement Membrane

Answer 12

Contain collagen, glycoproteins, and protein-carbohydrate complex> blend to prtns in the underlying CT.

Question 13

Basement Membrane loc.

Answer 13

between an epithelium and the underlying CT

Question 14

Basement Membrane Serves

Answer 14

to anchor an epith to CT below it.
Regulates exchange of materials btwen epith and underlying tissues
& binds to growth fctrs from below to regulate Epith devel.

Question 15

Basal surface

Answer 15

Surface of epith cell that Faces the Basement Membrane

Question 16

Apical tissue

Answer 16

surface of epith cell that Faces away Basement Membrane

toward the internal cavity (Lumen) of an organ

Question 17

Epithelia Classification

Answer 17

Simple

Stratified

Question 18

Simple Epithelium

Answer 18

Has only one layer of cells
every cell touches basement menb.
Good for absorption/secretion

Question 19

Simple 4 types

Answer 19

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Pseudostratified

Question 20

Simple squamous Epithelium

Answer 20

fried egg 
rapid transport & Diffusion
found in
-Alveoli
-Air sac of lungs

Question 21

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Answer 21

Square/round cell
Produce/secrete mucus
found in
-Kidney tubules

Question 22

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Answer 22

Tall cells
Absorb, sec mucus, move egg
Found in
-Inner lining of stomach
-Intestines

Question 23

Pseudo stratified Columnar Epithelium (Ciliated)

Answer 23

Tall short cells> give false appearence of a false appearance of multiple layers
All cells reach basement membrane.
Found in
-Resp. trac from nasal cavity to bronchi

Question 24

Stratified epithelia

Answer 24

2-20 layers of cells
some cells rest directly on others and only deepest layer attached to basement memb.
deeper cells may have diff. shape

Question 25

Stratified epithelia 4 types

Answer 25

Stratified squamous Epithelium
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
Transitional Epithelium

Question 26

Stratified Squamous Epithelia

Answer 26

Resist abrasion, penetration by pathogenic orgnsm.
2 types
-keratinized
-Non keritinized

Question 27

Keratinized Stratified

Answer 27

Cornified
in epidermis
Covered with a layer of compact dead squamous cells.
cells packed with keratin
Cells are coated with water repellent glycolipid

Question 28

Non keratinized

Answer 28

Lack dead cell surface 
Provides a abrasion-resistant surface
moist and slippery 
resist stress 
Prod. by swallowing chewing food, sex, and child birth

Question 29

Goblet Cells

Answer 29

wine glass shaped “single cell glands” that produce protective mucus coatings over mucous memo. in simple columnar & pseudo stratified columnar
extended apical end fill with secret. vesicles
Basal part is a narrow stem that reaches the basement memb.