A bit more Spanish - Verbs and conjugations Flashcards
I
yo
you (informal)
tú
he
el
she
ella
you (formal)
usted
we
nosotros / nosotras
Nosotras refers to “we” as a group of women only
they
ellos
ellas
Note that “ellas” is for a group of all women
Note that “ll” is pronounced as “y” in Central America
you - plural
y’all in Spanish, but it’s a real word
ustedes
you - plural (informal)
vosotros / vosotras
Vosotros is not used in Central America, but you may find it in your Spanish translation of the Bible.
Also note that vosotras is for a group of only women.
And
y
Or
O
to go (present tense with conjugation table)
ir
yo voy tu vas él/ella/usted va nosotros vamos ellos /ellas/ustedes van
(optional)
vosotros vais
to come (present tense)
venir
yo vengo tú vienes él/ella/usted viene nosotros venimos ellos/ellas/ustedes vienen
(optional)
vosotros venís
to be right now (present tense)
estar
yo estoy tú estás él/ella/usted está nosotros estamos ellos/ellas/ustedes están
(optional)
vosotros estáis
Note: One important thing is that this refers mainly to my current state. I would not say: “Yo estoy una persona” because that would mean “I’m a person right now. Maybe not in the future though.”
You use it for “estoy en el camino” - “I am on the way” since it is a temporary state.
You’ll use it for: current location, health, changing mood / conditions, personal opinion
to be (present tense)
ser
yo soy tú eres él/ella/usted es nosotros somos ellos/ellas/ustedes son
(optional)
vosotros sois
Note: We would not use this for something temporary. “Yo soy hambre” - “I am hungry” - you would be saying that you are the personification of hunger. Maybe you are. Probably not.
Hunger is something I have in Spanish - “Yo tengo hambre” is the better choice.
“Soy de los Estados” - “I am from the States”
You’ll use it for: description, profession, point of origin, identification, material possessions
to save
Jesus saves
salvar
Jesús salva
to eat
I like to eat
comer
Me gusta comer
to live
I live in the states
vivir
“Vivo en los estados” - “I live in the states”
-ar present tense verb conjugations
plus conjugations for “to speak”
Drop the -ar and add
yo -o tú -as él/ella/usted -a nosotros -amos ellos/ellas/ustedes -an vosotros -áis
hablar example: yo - hablo tu - hablas el/ella/usted - habla nosotros - hablamos ellos/ellas/ustedes - hablan vosotros - habláis
Note that there are SO MANY verbs that break these rules but even if you get it wrong people often still understand what you are trying to say.
-er present tense verb conjugations
plus bonus conjugations for “to eat”
Drop the -er and add
yo -o tú -es él/ella/usted -e nosotros -emos ellos/ellas/ustedes -en vosotros -éis
comer example: yo - como tu - comes el/ella/usted - come nosotros - comemos ellos/ellas/ustedes - comen vosotros - coméis
Note that there are SO MANY verbs that break these rules but even if you get it wrong people often still understand what you are trying to say.
-ir present tense verb conjugations
Plus bonus conjugation for “to live”
Drop the -ir and add
yo -o tú -es él/ella/usted -e nosotros -imos ellos/ellas/ustedes -en vosotros -ís
vivir example: yo - vivo tu - vives el/ella/usted - vive nosotros - vivimos ellos/ellas/ustedes - viven vosotros - vivís
Note that there are SO MANY verbs that break these rules but even if you get it wrong people often still understand what you are trying to say. Also note that these are almost identical to “er” conjugations.
to do (present tence)
hacer
yo - hago tu - haces el/ella/usted - hace nosotros - hacemos ellos/ellas/ustedes - hacen vosotros - hacéis
there is / there are
“Are there Christians in that town?”
“Yes, there are”
hay
“¿Hay cristianos en ese pueblo?”
“Si, hay”
this
“this thing”
“this path”
“I can believe this”
este / esta / esto
“esta cosa”
“este camino”
“puedo creer esto”
Note that esta is for feminine, este is for masculine, and esto is neutral - for things like ideas and indefinite things
that
“that thing”
“that path”
“I can’t believe that”
esa / ese / eso
“esa cosa”
“ese camino”
“No puedo creer eso”
Note that esa is for feminine, ese is for masculine, and eso is neutral - for things like ideas and indefinite things
You can say my personal favorite “essssoooooo” when someone does something well
can (verb) present tense conjugations
“God can do that”
poder
yo - hago tu - haces el/ella/usted - hace nosotros - hacemos ellos/ellas/ustedes - hacen vosotros - hacéis
“Dios puede hacer eso”
to have (present tense conjugations) - “I have done”
haber - “yo he hecho”
yo - he tu - has el/ella/usted - ha, hay nosotros - hemos ellos/ellas/ustedes - han vosotros - habéis
to have (present tense conjugations) - “I have Jesus in my heart”
tener - Yo tengo Jesus en mi corazon.
yo - tengo tu - tienes el/ella/usted - tiene nosotros - tenemos ellos/ellas/ustedes - tienen
(optional)
vosotros - tenéis
