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Chemistry > 9.5 Experimental Techniques > Flashcards

9.5 Experimental Techniques Flashcards

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1
Q

What are examples of physical properties? [6]

A
  • luster (shiny)
  • hardness
  • ductile
  • malleable
  • melting point
  • density
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2
Q

What are examples of chemical properties? [5]

A
  • flammable
  • radioactive
  • pH
  • corrosive
  • toxic
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3
Q

In physical change, is the change permanent or temporary? [1]

A

temporary

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4
Q

In chemical change, is the change permanent or temporary? [1]

A

permanent

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5
Q

Are new substances formed in physical changes? Where is there change? [2]

A
  • NO
  • change only in physical properties
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6
Q

Are new substances formed in chemical changes? Where is there change? [2]

A
  • YES
  • change in physical and chemical properties
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7
Q

Is change reversable in physical change? If so, how? [2]

A
  • YES
  • by simple physical methods
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8
Q

Is change reversable in chemical change? If so, how? [2]

A
  • NO
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9
Q

Is energy released or absorbed in physical change? [1]

A
  • may or may not be
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10
Q

Is energy released or absorbed in chemical change? [1]

A
  • YES
  • during chemical change
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11
Q

Can the original substance of a physical change be obtained again? If so, how? [2]

A
  • Most of the time YES
  • simple physical methods
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12
Q

Can the original substance of a chemical change be obtained again? If so, how? [2]

A
  • NO
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13
Q

How do we know a chemical reaction has taken place? [6]

A
  1. change in colour
  2. change in odour
  3. warming or cooling
  4. release of light
  5. formation of bubbles
  6. formation of a precipitate
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14
Q

What is a mixture? [3]

A

not chemically bound physical and chemical properties (remain) those of the component elements/substances

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15
Q

What is a compound? [2]

A

chemical reaction has occurred and new substance has new chemical and physical properties.

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16
Q

What is the appropriate apparatus for the measurement of time? [1]

A

stop-watches

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17
Q

What is the appropriate apparatus for the measurement of temperature? [1]

A

thermometer

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18
Q

What is the appropriate apparatus for the measurement of mass? [1]

A

balance

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19
Q

What is the appropriate apparatus for the measurement of volume? [4]

A
  • burettes
  • volumetric pipettes
  • measuring cylinders
  • gas syringes
20
Q

What is a solvent? [2]

A

liquid the solute dissolves in

21
Q

What is a solute? [2]

A

substance that is dissolved in a solvent

22
Q

What is a solution? [2]

A

mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent

23
Q

What is a saturated solution? [3]

A

a solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent at a specified temperature

24
Q

What does unsaturated mean? [2]

A

dissolved solute is below saturated point - more can dissolve

25
Q

What does saturated mean? [2]

A

dissolved solute is at saturation point - no more can dissolve

26
Q

What does supersaturated mean? [2]

A

dissolved solute is above saturated point - additional solute gathers at the bottom

27
Q

What is residue? [2]

A

a solid substance that remains
after evaporation, distillation, filtration or any similar process

28
Q

What is a filtrate? [2]

A

a liquid or solution that has passed through a filter

29
Q

What is crystallisation? [2]

A
  • used to seperate a soluble substance from a solvent
  • e.g. removing salt from a salt solution
30
Q

What is simple distillation? [2]

A
  • used to seperate a solvent from a solution
31
Q

What is fractional distillation? [2]

A
  • its splits crude oil up into its separate parts, or fractions.
32
Q

What is filtration? [2]

A

it is used to separate liquids from insoluble solids

33
Q

What are examples of pure substances? [2]

A
  • elements
  • compounds
34
Q

What are examples of impure substances? [2]

A
  • mixtures
35
Q

What is the boiling point like for a pure substance? [1]

A
  • ONE boiling point
36
Q

What is the boiling point like for an impure substance? [1]

A
  • range of boiling points
37
Q

How is paper chromatography used? [2]

A
  • used to separate mixtures of soluble coloured substances, using a suitable solvent
38
Q

What is the solvent front? [1]

A

Where the solvent gets too

39
Q

Why is the base line above the solvent? [1]

A
  • so that it doesn’t get dissolved if below base line.
40
Q

Why does each compound move up different points? [1]

A
  • they have different solubilites
41
Q

What does it mean if the substance in more soluble? [2]

A

the high it moves up with the solvent

42
Q

What is Rf? [2]

A

ratio of how far your chemical has moved / how far your solvent moved

43
Q

Rf = [2]

A

far compound moved / solvent distance

44
Q

On chromotography paper, if there was only one point, what does that mean? [1]

A

PURE substance
- element
- compound

45
Q

On chromotography paper, if there were multiple points, what does that mean? [1]

A

IMPURE substance
- mixture

Chemistry (11 decks)

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