9.1 States of Matter Flashcards
What are the 3 SOM? [3]
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
What is the physical process from solid to liquid called? [1]
Melting
What is the physical process from liquid to gas called? [1]
Boiling/Evaporating
What is the physical process from gas to liquid called? [1]
Condensation
What is the physical process from liquid to solid called? [1]
Freezing
What is the physical process from solid to gas called? [2]
Sublimation
What is the physical process from a gas to solid called? [2]
Deposition
What is the arrangement in a solid? [4]
Close together, fixed pattern, organised structure, lattice
What is the arrangement in a liquid? [2]
Close, irregular pattern
What is the arrangement in a gas? [3]
Far apart, no pattern, no structure
What is the movement like in a solid? [1]
Particles vibrate
What is the movement like in a liquid? [1]
Free to move
What is the movement like in a gas? [1]
Free to move
How strong are the intermolecular forces in a solid? [1]
Strong
How strong are the intermolecular forces in a liquid? [1]
Fairly strong/ Medium/ fairly weak
How strong are the intermolecular forces in a gas? [1]
Weak
In which SOM is there a definite shape? [1]
Solid
In which SOM is there a definite volume? [2]
- Solid
-Liquid
Which SOM are NOT compressible? [2]
- Solid
- Liquid
What happens when the physical process ‘MELTING’ happens? [2]
Forces between particles weaken, they’re no longer regularly arranged but still close, can move freely now
What happens when the physical process ‘BOILING’ happens? [2]
Forces between particles weaken, particles become far apart
What happens when the physical process ‘CONDENSATION’ happens? [2]
Forces between particles increase, particles become close together but can still move freely
What happens when the physical process ‘FREEZING’ happens? [2]
Forces between particles increase, particles become fixed in position
What are the fluid SOM? [2]
- Liquid
- Gas
What are intermolecular forces? [1]
Forces that act between particles and hold them together. They get weaker when heated.
What is DIFFUSION? [2]
The movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, the particles are eventually evenly spread out.
What is BROWNIAN MOTION? [1]
Random movement of particles
What cause pressure in a gas? [1]
Particles colliding with the walls of the container.
What happens to the volume and pressure if a gas is heated in a container which CAN expand? [2]
- Volume increases
- Pressure decreases
- Because more there’s more space in the container which means it’s less likely to hit a wall.
What happens to the volume and pressure if a gas is heated in a container which can NOT expand? [2]
- Volume stays the same
= Because it’s neither increasing or decreasing - Pressure increases
= Because it’s getting heated which means more energy which means more particles colliding with walls.
How does RELATIVE MOLECULAR MASS affect the rate of diffusion? [2]
- When it’s higher = rate of diffusion is slower
- When it’s lower = rate of diffusion is quicker
