9.1. Travel Related Infections - Intro

Question 1

What are the unfamiliar features of imported disease?

Answer 1

1. Presenting Features
2. Isolation Requirements
3. Diagnostic Methods
4. Treatment / Management
5. Unexpected Complications

Question 2

What increases vulnerability of travelers to infection?

Answer 2

1. Temptation to take risk away from home
2. Different epidemiology of some diseases
3. Incomplete understanding of health hazzards
4. Stress of travel
5. Refugees

Question 3

In relation to travelers vulnerability to infection, what is included in “Temptation to take Risks Away from Home”?

Answer 3

1. New food
2. Contaminated water
3. Animals
4. Sex

Question 4

In relation to travelers vulnerability to infection, what is included in “different epidemiology of some diseases”?

Answer 4

1. HIV
2. TB
3. Polio
4. Diptheria

Question 5

In relation to travelers vulnerability to infection, what is included in “Refugees”?

Answer 5

1. Deprivation
2. Malnutrition
3. Disease
4. Injury

Question 6

What infections are very common worldwide?

Answer 6

1. Influenza
2. Community-Acquired Pneumonia
3. Meningococcal Disease
4. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Question 7

What are some Climate / Environmental related Health Problems?

Answer 7

1. Sunburn
2. Heat Exhaustion / Heatstroke
3. Fungal Infection
4. Bacterial Skin Infections
5. Cold Injury
6. Altitude Sickness

Question 8

What are 3 Public Health Measures which can control infection?

Answer 8

1. Sanitation
2. Immunization
3. Education

Question 9

What can infections can Sanitation help control?

Answer 9

1. Travelers Diarrhoea
2. Typhoid
3. Hepatitis A / E
4. Giardiasis
5. Amoebiasis
6. Helminth Infection
7. Viral / Bacterial Gastroenteritis (Food Poisoning)
8. Shigella Dystentery
9. Cholera
10. Cryptosporidiosis

Question 10

What can infections can Immunization help control?

Answer 10

1. Poliomyelitis

2. Diphtheria

Question 11

What can infections can Education help control?

Answer 11

1. HIV / AIDS

2. STD’s

Question 12

What are common worldwide water-related infections?

Answer 12

1. Schistosomiasis
2. Leptospirosis
3. Liver Flukes
4. Strongyloidiasis
5. Hookworms
6. Guinea Worms

Question 13

What are some common Anthropod-Borne infections?

Answer 13

1. Malaria (Mosquitoes)
2. Dengue Fever (Mosquitoes)
3. Rickettsial Infections / Typhus (Ticks)
4. Leishmaniasis (Sand-flies)
5. Trypanosomiasis / Sleeping Sickness
   (Tsetse Fly)
6. Filariasis / Elephantiasis (Mosquitoes)
7. Onchocerciasis / River Blindness (Black Flies)

Question 14

What are some emerging infectious diseases?

Answer 14

1. Zika (Latin America)
2. Ebola (West Africa)
3. MERS-CoV (Middle-East)
4. Swine ‘flu (worldwide)
5. Avian ‘flu (China)
6. SARS (Far East)
7. West Nile Virus (USA)

Question 15

What are the important tropical diseases to know about?

Answer 15

1. Malaria (32-42%)
2. Typhoid (2%)
3. Dengue Fever (2-6%)
4. Schistomiasis
5. Rickettsiosis (0.5-1%)
6. Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers
7. Zika Fever

Question 16

What is needed to be done in more depth than most histories, if a Travel Related Infection is suspected?

Answer 16

1. Travel History

2. Risks / Precautions Taken