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HMWH > 9.1- The Beginnings of Industrialization > Flashcards

9.1- The Beginnings of Industrialization Flashcards

1
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the 1700s.

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2
Q

enclosures

A

larger fields where landowners experimented with more productive seeding and harvesting methods

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3
Q

crop rotation

A

improved on older methods- one year a farmer might plant wheat, the next a root crop to restore nutrients

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4
Q

Industrialization

A

the process of developing machine production of goods

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5
Q

Natural resources required for industrialization

A

large population of workers
1. water power and coal- fuel
2. iron ore- to construct machines, tools, and buildings
3. rivers- inland transportation
4. harbors- merchants set sail from

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6
Q

Why did the Ind. Rev. start in England?

A

large population
all 4 natural resources
expanding economy

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7
Q

factors of production

A

land
labor
capital (wealth)

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8
Q

entrepreneur

A

a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business

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9
Q

How did the rising population help the Industrial Revolution?

A

workers to go to the factories

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10
Q

flying shuttle

A

John Kay

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11
Q

seed drill

A

Jethro Tull

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12
Q

livestock breeding methods

A

Robert Bakewell

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13
Q

reaper

A

Cyrus McCormick

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14
Q

telegraph

A

Samuel F. B. Morse

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15
Q

foot treadle

A

I. M. Singer

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16
Q

telephone

A

Alexander Graham Bell

17
Q

spinning jenny (spinning wheel)

A

James Hargreaves

18
Q

water frame

A

Richard Arkwright

19
Q

spinning mule (made thread)

A

Samuel Crompton

20
Q

power loom (sped up weaving)

A

Edmund Cartwright

21
Q

cotton gin

A

Eli Whitney

22
Q

made steam engine faster and more efficient

A

James Watt

23
Q

Steamboat

A

Robert Fulton, The Clermont

24
Q

macadam roads

A

John McAdam

25
Q

Was the Agricultural Revolution necessary to the Industrial Revolution?

A

Yes
-freed/fired enough people to send them to the city for jobs
-seriously increased the population

26
Q

What effect did entrepreneurs have upon the Industrial Revolution?

A

They determined what things were worth spending money on, such as the railroads

27
Q

How did railroads revolutionize life in Britain?

A
  1. spurred industrial growth- gave manufacturers a cheap way to transport materials and finished products
  2. created hundreds of thousands of jobs- for both railroad workers and miners
  3. boosted England’s agricultural and fishing industries
  4. made travel easier- encouraged country people to take city jobs, brought city people to country resorts

HMWH (12 decks)

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