9.1- The Beginnings of Industrialization

Question 1

Industrial Revolution

Answer 1

the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the 1700s.

Question 2

enclosures

Answer 2

larger fields where landowners experimented with more productive seeding and harvesting methods

Question 3

crop rotation

Answer 3

improved on older methods- one year a farmer might plant wheat, the next a root crop to restore nutrients

Question 4

Industrialization

Answer 4

the process of developing machine production of goods

Question 5

Natural resources required for industrialization

Answer 5

large population of workers
1. water power and coal- fuel
2. iron ore- to construct machines, tools, and buildings
3. rivers- inland transportation
4. harbors- merchants set sail from

Question 6

Why did the Ind. Rev. start in England?

Answer 6

large population
all 4 natural resources
expanding economy

Question 7

factors of production

Answer 7

land
labor
capital (wealth)

Question 8

entrepreneur

Answer 8

a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business

Question 9

How did the rising population help the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 9

workers to go to the factories

Question 10

flying shuttle

Answer 10

John Kay

Question 11

seed drill

Answer 11

Jethro Tull

Question 12

livestock breeding methods

Answer 12

Robert Bakewell

Question 13

reaper

Answer 13

Cyrus McCormick

Question 14

telegraph

Answer 14

Samuel F. B. Morse

Question 15

foot treadle

Answer 15

I. M. Singer

Question 16

telephone

Answer 16

Alexander Graham Bell

Question 17

spinning jenny (spinning wheel)

Answer 17

James Hargreaves

Question 18

water frame

Answer 18

Richard Arkwright

Question 19

spinning mule (made thread)

Answer 19

Samuel Crompton

Question 20

power loom (sped up weaving)

Answer 20

Edmund Cartwright

Question 21

cotton gin

Answer 21

Eli Whitney

Question 22

made steam engine faster and more efficient

Answer 22

James Watt

Question 23

Steamboat

Answer 23

Robert Fulton, The Clermont

Question 24

macadam roads

Answer 24

John McAdam

Question 25

Was the Agricultural Revolution necessary to the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 25

Yes -freed/fired enough people to send them to the city for jobs -seriously increased the population

Question 26

What effect did entrepreneurs have upon the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 26

They determined what things were worth spending money on, such as the railroads

Question 27

How did railroads revolutionize life in Britain?

Answer 27

1. spurred industrial growth- gave manufacturers a cheap way to transport materials and finished products 2. created hundreds of thousands of jobs- for both railroad workers and miners 3. boosted England's agricultural and fishing industries 4. made travel easier- encouraged country people to take city jobs, brought city people to country resorts