9.1 Learning Process Flashcards
Studying efficiently
Sloths hang, have little muscles, can hold their breath up to 40 minutes, and are good swimmers
Sloths evolved to take advantage of a low effort and slow speed strategy. It works, as they need very little energy, but changes in environment could cause doom
So, don’t waste your time studying:
- Low effort of sloth does not work for learning. You will waste time
From Section 1 - RISES: Efficient learning requires high effort and leads to more errors. Ex retrieval practice.
We need to be challenged, but still be able to manage it. There is a sweet spot.
Section 3: Errors from difficult practising is a key component of learning. It allows us to adjust our own understanding.
Expertise is accumulation
10 000 hours and 10 000 decisions.
Chess masters have memorised from 100 000 to 1 000 000 board patterns
How do we remain consistent?
Practice diligently, efficiently, and constructively using deliberate practice. We have to make the decision to practice 10 000 times.
It’s not enough to just think of the value equation. We need to think of the many many decisions over time and how they change over time.
Expertise is leaky
We lose a lot of fuel while training to attain expertise. We need to replenish it or we run out.
Fuel is that motivation that lets us keep practising.
Total value of practising for expertise:
- Cost of effort: Increasing
- Rewards from novelty: Fades
- Rewards from learning: Decreasing. As you learn more, you learn less and less for the same time.
- Rewards from from mastery: Heavily discounted
How to replenish? Cannot rely on long term goals.
Task Switching: Review graph
How do we keep going?
Hint: Henry 5th
We are highly motivated by belonging, competence, and autonomy
- Belonging from the friends we make while learning
- Competence from continually levelling up and performing
Pyramid of expertise
In any practice, there are many novices. Higher levels mean less people. Biggest constraint is dedicating more time.
Big idea: The pyramid of practitioners operates as a whole. People with more experience are supported and motivated by the whole community including those with less experience.
We cannot sustain the necessary motivation without this group.
This is how we can replenish the motivation we are leaking as we progress. It leverages our social nature
Imposter syndrome
Encountered by those who invest thousands of hours doing deliberate practice, repeatedly making mistakes until it is overcome. The process is very slow. They think they are not getting anywhere.
However, when they perform, the audience loves it.
This is imposter syndrome: A psychological pattern in which one doubts one’s accomplishments and has a persistent internalised fear of being exposed as a fraud.
Opposite of dunning-kruger effect.
Keeping a growth mindset
Akira Kurosawa
- He didn’t make 1 or 2 masterpieces, he made 8
- Was the master if many film makers
When he received academy award of lifetime achievement at 80: Basically has imposter syndrome. Doesn’t know if he understand the true essence of cinema. Wants to keep working as hard as he can even at 80.
KEEPING A GROWTH MINDSET. This is emblematic of expertise
