9 Signs and symptoms of pregnancy Flashcards
What are the types of signs for pregnancy
Presumptive
Probably
Positive
Presumptive signs
Chadwick’s sign - Blue discoloration of the cervix and vagina due to vascular engorgement/congestion.
-This is a very non-specific sign.
Chloasma - darkening of skin on the face
Linea nigra - pigmentation along the midline of the belly.
Probable signs
Uterine enlargement
Breast enlargement
Pskacek sign - soft promenence of implantation site
Goodell’s sign - softening of the cervix
Hegar’s sign - softening of the cervical isthmus
Positive home pregnancy test
Positive signs
Fetal heart beat detection
- Endovaginal ultrasound can detect it by 6 weeks
- Pelvic ultrasound between 9-12 weeks
- Fetal heart tones can be auscultated by 16-20 weeks
Detection of fetal movement.
- Endovaginal by 7-8 weeks
- Mothers recognize it by feel in their first children by weeks 18-20
- On subsequent children usually by 15-17 weeks.
Early signs/symptoms of pregnancy
- missed period
- morning sickness, usually not longer than the 12th week. persistent vomitting is called Hyperemesis Gravidarum.
Breast enlargement and tenderness
Increased urination
Weakness, fatigue
Aversions to smells or tastes, especially coffee, cigarettes.
Late symptoms and complaints of pregnancy
Difficulty sleeping
Vena cava syndrome from compression when lying on the back. Lie in left lateral position relieves.
Elevated venous pressure in the lower limbs, possible edema, varicose veins.
- Edema is NOT ok however, and should be immediately examined for proteinuria and evaluated for preeclampsia.
Aorta compression may cause lower blood pressures in the limbs and also fetal distress when mother is lying supine.
Constipation
Tachypnoe
Galactorrhea
Weight gain - recommended gain is dependent on pre-preg BMI.
Low - 12- 18 kg
Normal - around 12.5 kg
Obese - < 7 kg
Excessive weight gain usually indicates a LGA fetus and under gain indicates SGA fetus.
