9. D/C - Non-taeniid cestodes and trematodes Flashcards
Where do tapeworms live?
In guts
What is the epidemiology/ecology of dipylidium?
present wherever you have fleas
more common on the coasts and further south - 35% of shelter cats in Oklahoma; proglottids were detected in 19% of these; all ned on fecal float
Global distribution
Indirect life cycles - D/C DH, arthropod IH
zoonotic but not directly from pets (eat flea)
What is the lifecycle of dipylidium caninum?
PPP 2-3wks
Gravid segments w/ egg packets drop in feces, flea larva with cystercercoid ingested by IH the flea which is then ingested by DH
What are the larval stages of cyclophyllid cestodes?
Cystercercoid - single protoscolex, no cyst, arthropod IH
Cysticercus - single protoscolex, fluid-filled cyst
Strobilocercus - minature adult, no cyst
Cystic hydatid - many protoscolices free in fluid-filled cyst
Alveolar hydatid - many protoscolices free multichambered fluid-filled cysts
How can we dx and control dipylidium?
dx based on detection of egg packets or segments in feces (look like cucumber seeds)
Several products labelled for D/C
tx all pets in household
Flea control imperative - temp failures generally flea-related
Short PPP sometime makes it look as tx has failed
What is the epidemology/ecology of diphyllobothrium?
1.3% of 231 shelter dogs in regina and 5% of 259 dogs from remote and Northern SK
Indirect life cycles
dog DH (also humans/bears)
Crustacean 1st IH, fish 2nd IH +/- PH
Zoonotic from eating fish
What is the lifecycle of diphyllobothrium?
indirect, PPP 2-4wks
Pass eggs in feces > croacidium > crustacean IH1 w/ procercoids > Fish IH2 with plerocercoids* > pisciverous fish PH with plerocercoids > DH
How can we dx and control diphyllobothrium?
Dx based on detection of eggs or segments (long strands of gravid segments in feces
Little clinical significance (gross factor)
prevent access to raw fish - cook or deep free fish prior to consumption
prevent dogs from contaminating water
What are some intestinal and liver flukes of dogs? Are they zoonotic?
Intestinal fluke
Alaria spp - dog (common NW CAD_
Nanophyetus salmincola - dog (and cats) (BC)
Liver flukes
metorchus conjunctus - dogs
All potentially zoonotic but not directly from pets (humans serve as aberrant DH)
What is the lifecycle of allaria spp
Indirect, PPP 1-2wks
Eggs in feces > miracidium > snail first IH (with sporocysts, redia, asexual) > Cercaria > tadpole or frog IH2 w/ metacercariae > small mammal PH w/ metacercariae > ingested by DH
In regards to nanophyetus salmincola, the fluke infection is harmless to the dog but…
It transmits neorickettsia helminthoeca, causes salmon poisonig in dogs in BC, NW, USA
Symptoms: rise in body temp, loss of appetite, V/D, listlessness and or rapid weight loss
Treat w/ praziquantel
What is the lifecycle of nanophyetus?
Eggs in feces > miracidium > snail IH > Cercaria > Salmonid fish IH2 w/ metacercariae> ingested by dog > in stomach
What is the life cycle of metorchis conjuctis
eggs in feces > miracidium > snail IH > cercaria > sucker fish IH2 w/ metacercaria>
Zoonotic but not directly from dogs
Live in bile duct
How can we dx and control trematodes?
dx based on fecal float
usually sublclinical
prevent access to raw fish/frogs (PH) - cook or freeze prior to feeding/eating
prevent dogs from fecally contaminating water
