19. Horse Helminths 2

Question 1

What are all the factors that might go into a deworming program?

Answer 1

individual horse susceptibility and overall health, geography, pasture vs stable
# of horses/acre, pasture mgmt, any known resistance, owner risk tolerance, the future - what will vets and horse owners have that still works in 10yrs, 20 yrs

Question 2

Why is pasture and manure mgmt important?

Answer 2

dont relocate recently dewormed horses to “clean” pasture
reduce stocking density
dispose of manure regularly (twice a week)
Feed off (above) ground
Do not spread fresh manure on fields that horses are grazing (compost will kill most eggs if high enough temp)
mow and harrow pastures periodically
Separate weanlings from yearlings, adults

Question 3

What is the oxyuris equi?

Answer 3

lives in the caecum, colom, rectum, perianal region. Pinworm of hrorses
worldwide distribution including W. CAD in stabled horses w/ poor hygiene
eggs environmentally resistant, not zoonotic

Question 4

What is the life cycle of oxyuris equi?

Answer 4

PPP 5 mo
Egg in feces > egg w/ L1-L3 > ingested and completes mucosal M to large intestine

Question 5

How do we dx and tx oxyuris equi?

Answer 5

Dx: rarely floatation, usually swab or tape mount from perianal region
tx: hygiene (environment and perineal washing) many labeled products

Question 6

What is the lung nematode of horses?

Answer 6

dictyocaulus arnfieldi order strongylida
Rare in CAD
dyspnea and cough, not from eggs from adult horses - primary reservoir is donkeys,pasture transmitted

Question 7

What is the life cycle of dictyocaulus arnfieldi?

Answer 7

L1 in feces >L3 ingested > tracheal migration to lungs > adults in lung

Question 8

How do we dx a horse/donkey for dictyocaulus arnfeldi?

Answer 8

baemann for donkey
nothing for horses

Question 9

What are the cestodes of horses?

Answer 9

Anoplocephala perfoliata - in ileum and caecum **
A. magna - prox SI
Paranoplocephala mammillana - Prox SI
Worldwide distribution, rare in W. CAD, pasture transmitted

Question 10

What is the life cycle of A. paranoplocephala?

Answer 10

PPP 1-2mo
egg w/ hexacanth larva in feces > free-living mite w/ cysticercoid (infective) 2-4mo > ingestion > large intestine

Question 11

What are the clinical signs, risk factors, dx and tx of equine tapeworms?

Answer 11

clin signs: often none - foals w/ other health issues
Risk factor for ileal impaction and spasmodic colid (a. perfoliata)
Dx. eggs in feces 24 hours post tx
Tx: single annual tx w/ praziquantel in late fall