9 - Chartism Flashcards
When was the First Petition introduced?
1839
What were some reasons for Chartism?
Disappointment with the Reform Act, disappointment with Factory Act, bitterness towards Poor Law Ammendment Act, suppression of Trade Unions, problems with trade
Who spearheaded the First Petition?
London Working Men’s Association (1836) and BPU (1837)
How many signatures did the First Petition have in May 1839?
1.2 million
By how many votes was the First Petition rejected?
235 to 46
Why was there a Chartist outburst in 1842?
Due to poor economic conditions
How many signatures did the Second Petition have in May 1842?
3.3 million
By how many votes was the Second Petition rejected?
287 to 49
When was the plan to march to London with the Third Petition?
April 1848
How many signatures did the Third Petition have in May 1848?
Only 2 million
How was the Third Petition rejected?
By a huge majority
When and wher was the Newport Rising?
3rd-4th November, Westgate Hotel
Why did the Newport Rising happen?
Due to the failure of the National Convention and First Petition
When did the Plug Riots start?
1842 (unrest alongside Chartist revival)
Where did the Plug Riots happen?
North and North West
When did the new Charter Assosiation approve a general strike for?
14th August 1842
What was Hetherington’s newspaper which was deliberately published illegally?
Poor Man’s Guardian
What was the minimum price for newspapers?
7d (3p)
What were some emerging Chartist newspapers?
Northern Star and The Poor Man’s Guardian
What was the main campaign against the PLAA?
‘10 Hours Movement’
By the late 1830s, how many handloom weavers were out of a job?
400,000
When was the North Star established?
1837
Where was Chartism the strongest?
Industrial areas such as Stockport and West Riding
When was Chartism at it’s peak?
When there was economic downturn - late 1830s, 1842 and 1847-48
Who favoured moral force and who favoured physical force?
Moral - Lovett and Place, Physical - O’Connor
What was moral force?
Emphasis on non-violence, educating working class and co-operating with middle class pressure groups eg Anti Corn Law League
When did Lovett leave the Chartist movement and why?
1843, too much violence
What was physical force?
Supported tradition of an armed struggle
When was the Newport Rising?
November 1839
When were the Plug Riots?
Summer 1842
Where was Chartism strong?
Strong in north, weak in south
Which areas used moral/physical force?
North physical, areas like Birmingham and Scotland used moral
What did Russel’s government do at Kennington Common in 1848?
Sent 4,000 police officers, 7,000 troops and 85,000 special constables - bridges and railways were guarded
