11 - Peel's Ministry 1841-46

Question 0

When was the report of the Royal Commission on Children in the Mines appear?

Answer 0

1842

Question 1

Where did Peel receive his degree from?

Answer 1

Christ Church, Oxford

Question 2

When was income tax introduced?

Answer 2

Budget of 1842

Question 3

What was the rate of income tax?

Answer 3

7p per pound on those earning £150+

Question 4

What was the estimated yearly revenue of income tax?

Answer 4

£3-£4million

Question 5

How much did income tax raise in reality per year?

Answer 5

£5million

Question 6

Who opposed income tax?

Answer 6

Graham, Stanley, Goulburn was unenthusiastic

Question 7

What were the aims of tariff reductions?

Answer 7

Stimulate economy - ease social tension

Question 8

How did 113 conservative backbenchers show their resentment for tariff reduction?

Answer 8

Voted for Miles’ resolution opposing cattle duties

Question 9

What did Peel say he wanted to make the country?

Answer 9

‘a cheap place to live in’

Question 10

What did the Corn Law modifications do?

Answer 10

Refined their operation and reduced duties on the sliding scale

Question 11

What did Peel say about changed to the Corn Laws?

Answer 11

The act’s provisions were ‘in conformity with my own conviction’

Question 12

Why were the Corn Law changes opposed?

Answer 12

They evaded rather than confronted problems raised by Corn Laws

Question 13

When was the Mines Act introduced?

Answer 13

1842

Question 14

What did the Mines Act propose?

Answer 14

Children under 10 and women to be forbidden from working underground

Question 15

What was problematic about the Mines Act?

Answer 15

Exclusion age lowered from 13 to 10, opposed by Wellington and Wharncliffe at instruction of (landowner) Londonderry

Question 16

What was the outcome of the Mines Act?

Answer 16

Women and childreeeen under 10 forbiden from working underground

Question 17

What did the first Factory Bill propose?

Answer 17

Part time education for factory children

Question 18

Why was the first bill abandonned?

Answer 18

Non-conformist storm

Question 19

What did the second Factory Bill propose?

Answer 19

6 hour shifts for children and 12 hour shifts for women

Question 20

What did the third Bill propose?

Answer 20

12 hour working day for women and youth, ‘half time’ for children

Question 21

What angered Ashley about the Second and Third Bill?

Answer 21

12 hour working day - wanted 10

Question 22

When was the Factory Act passed?

Answer 22

June 1844

Question 23

What did Peel and Graham threaten to do if the Bill wasn’t passed?

Answer 23

Threatened resignation

Question 24

When was the Railway Act introduced?

Answer 24

1844

Question 25

What did the Railway Act seek to do?

Answer 25

Regulate activities of railway companies, make sure that each company had a train that stopped at each station - 'Parliamentary Train'

Question 26

When was the Bank Charter Act introduced?

Answer 26

1844

Question 27

What did the Bank Charter Act mean?

Answer 27

No new banks could issue notes, existing banks limited in issuing them, Bank of England in control of banknote reserve

Question 28

When was the Companies Act introduced?

Answer 28

1844

Question 29

What did the Companies Act mean?

Answer 29

Companies should be registered, producing annual accounts.

Question 30

When was the Devon Commission?

Answer 30

1843

Question 31

What was the Decon Commission?

Answer 31

An attempt to improve relations with Irish Catholics

Question 32

What ddddid the Devon Commission say?

Answer 32

Recommended compensation for tennants

Question 33

What were the results of the Devon Commission?

Answer 33

Bill defeated in Lords, Peel failed

Question 34

When was Heytesbury appointed and who was he?

Answer 34

July 1844 - based at Dublin Castle, responsible for Poor Law, Board of Works and Irish Railways

Question 35

When was the Irish/Provincial Colleges Bill?

Answer 35

1844

Question 36

Where were the three Queen's Colleges set up?

Answer 36

Belfast, Cork and Galway

Question 37

What did Peel say that education was crucial for?

Answer 37

For the 'improved understanding' between Catholics and Protestants

Question 38

What were the Colleges in Ireland labelled?

Answer 38

'Godless colleges'

Question 39

What were the results of the Irish Colleges Bill?

Answer 39

Provided wider and cheaper education in Ireland, however undermined by self interest and bigotry

Question 40

When was the Maynooth Grant introduced

Answer 40

1845

Question 41

What did Peel want to do with the Maynooth Grant?

Answer 41

Increase 20k to 30k plus £30k immediate priests grant

Question 42

When was the Maynooth Grant voted through Commons?

Answer 42

In it's third reading in 1845, just 149 for and 148 against

Question 43

Who resigned over the Maynooth Grant?

Answer 43

Gladstone

Question 44

When was the Irish Famine?

Answer 44

1845-49

Question 45

What did Peel say was needed to help Ireland?

Answer 45

Necessary to 'remove all impediments to the import of human food' - a total repeal of tax on food

Question 46

What were the results of the Irish Famine?

Answer 46

1 million dead and half a million emigrated

Question 47

When did Peel tell the cabinet that the Corn Laws must be replaced?

Answer 47

November 1845 - it was the only way to get cheap foot to Ireland

Question 48

Why was there opposition to the repeal of the Corn Laws?

Answer 48

Would cause an influx of cheap foreign wheat which would ruin British agriculture, in 1841 Peel promised to keep Corn Laws, Peel was heavily influenced by anti-Corn Law League

Question 49

When and why was Peel forced to resign?

Answer 49

December 1845, due to major opposition

Question 50

Why was Peel recalled?

Answer 50

As Russell couldn't form a new ministry

Question 51

When was the new Repeal Bill introduced?

Answer 51

1846

Question 52

Where did Peel's support lie?

Answer 52

2/3 of Conservatives against him, however Whig/Peelite majority allowed the Bill through

Question 53

How long did the debate on the Bill last and when did it become law?

Answer 53

5 months, became law in June 1846

Question 54

What were the consequences of the Corn Law crisis?

Answer 54

Repeal paved the way for a 30 year economic boom