9. Changes in a species over time Flashcards
Define an index fossil
Geographically widely spread
Abundant
Easily identifiable
only existed for a short time span
Where would the youngest rocks be found in a rock profile?
at the top
Define a transition fossil
are intermediate between current and ancestral form.
What is an absolute age
determines the age of rock around a fossil using radiometric dating giving it an actual number
What is a relative age?
gives a relative order of events, does not predict actual age.
What is the half life of Carbon 14?
5730 Years
What is the maximum age you can use C14 for dating?
60,000 years
What type of radiometric dating is used for rock millions of years old?
Uranium Lead or Potassium Argon
What are the steps for a fossil forming in rock (this will need tweaking if it’s ice in the q)
A hard bodied organism is rapidly buried in sediment
Soft tissue decomposes.
Mineralisation occurs in the hard parts
Pressure turns sediment into rock
What is a direct fossil?
Fossils where the entire organism or parts of the organism are preserved.
What is a trace fossil?
Fossils showing the signs or remains of an organism?s activities e.g. footprints, bite marks.
What has ocurred in the fossil record at the end of each period of geological time?
Mass extinction
What is a fossil?
the remains or traces of pre-existing life forms preserved in rock, ice or amber
Define divergent evolution
Divergent evolution is when species that share a recent common ancestor become more dissimilar over time. These species share homologous structures.
Define homologous structures
Homologous structures have a similar structure but have different functions.