9. CAH mental health 3 Flashcards
What are some parameters you need to take into account when assessing a child for something like ADHD?
parental risk factors- depression, anxiety
child’s IQ/strength and weaknesses
poor emotional regulation strategies
parenting skills, strategies, differences, boundaries
The two externalizing disorders
ADHD - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
ODD- oppositional defiant disorder
What is ADHD?
A developmental problem with deficits in:
- attention: difficulty concentrating, forgetting instructions, moving from one task to the next without completing anything
- impulsivity: talking over top of others, losing control of emotions easily
- hyperactivity: constant fidgeting and restlessness
Which impacts their life - learning, social skills, family functioning
What % of kids have ADHD?
3-5% - boys 2x girls
Treatment for ADHD?
- psychosocial strategies: positive parenting, boosting self-esteem, social skills, classroom strategies, counselling
- meds: stimulant medication si the single most effective treatment for ADHD
Characteristics of a child with ODD (oppositional defiant disorder)
Easily angered, annoyed, irritated
have frequent temper tantrums
argue frequently with adults - oppositional
refuse to obey rules (defiant)
seem to deliberately annoy/aggravate others
low self esteem
low frustration threshold
What can oppositional defiant disorder develop into?
Conduct disorder (CD), which is characterised by aggressive and delinquent behaviours - law breaking, sadism, physically/sexually abusing others
Do attention-deficit-hyperactivitiy-disorder and oppositional defiant disorder cross over? What is the difference in treatment strategy?
Yes they do
ADHD/ADD- medication +/- psychological strategies
ODD= just psychological strategies, medication not indicated for ODD - but if they have both will need meds for ADHD
What are the first line meds for ADHD?
stimulants=
- methylphenidate
- dexamphetamine
2nd line - atomoxetine
List some psychosocial strategies for ADHD
Time management strategies: - prompts and checklists - reduce workload Behavioural: - clear instructions, rules and immediate consequences - set targets/goals for behaviour and academic -prompts, visual memory aides Skills to teach person: - ability to ask for help - chunking, rehearsal, mental images - taking frequent breaks during study - setting realistic targets for periods of work
Primary drivers for ODD that need to be considered in management
Worse verbal abilities and learnign ability academically and socially
Skills taught to children with ODD
CBT- - self talk, relaxation techniques, problem solving - perspective taking - managing strong emotions social - making and keeping friends - communication skills - cooperation
Other management of ODD?
Parent education - teach parents how to teach their children to manage their emotions, parent-child relationship support, increase social support
