26. Child development and developmental disability

Question 1

What are the 5 main domains of development

Answer 1

• gross motor
• fine motor/sight
• language/hearing/cognitive?
• social/emotional

Question 2

Newborn development?

Answer 2

• response to human voice
• vision: distinguishes mother’s face from stranger at 2 wks old
• motor: yawn, hiccough, sneeze, cough, stretch
• reflexes: moro/startle, grasp, root/suck, walking reflex, asymmetric tonic neck reflex/fencing reflex (face turned to one side)

Question 3

dev at 6 mths?

Answer 3

gross motor: extended arms in prone, hands held out, leading with head to sit, unsupported sitting, rolling prone to supine, chews, mouths, takes solids
fine motor: holds feet/bottle, feet to mooth
Social: smiles, imitates facial expression, response to strangers, peek a boo
Language: vocalises

Question 4

dev at 9 mths?

Answer 4

gross motor: standing holding onto furniture - cruising, rolling, trying to crawl
fine motor: pincer grip, crossing midline with hands
language: two syllable vocalisations, preferences expressed
social: concentration on toys/games

Question 5

dev 12 months

Answer 5

gross: walking with support, stable sitting
fine: pointing, clasps hands, claps
communication: words with meaning
social: follows commands

Question 6

dev 18-24 months

Answer 6

gross: running, climb stairs, kicks ball
fine: build tower of cubes, scribble, copy verticle line
Communication: i and me - two word phrases, pointing
social- solitary/parallel playy

Question 7

dev 3 yrs

Answer 7

gross: stairs one at a time, can stand on one foot, ride tricycle
fine: build 9 block tower, unbuttons buttons, copies circle drawn
communication: follows 2 step commands, can count
social: imaginative and cooperative play

Question 8

dev 4-5 yrs

Answer 8

gross: skipping, jumping
fine: dresses fully, can tie laces, copy square and triangle, make more complex drawing
communication: tell stories, knows left from right, asks questions

Question 9

cause of cerebral palsy?

definition?

Answer 9

unknown - associations with prematurity, encephalopathy, acute brain injury < 2y.o
CP is an umbrella term for a motor disability occuring following a non progressive injury to the developing central nervous system, accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication and behaviour and epilepsy.

Question 10

What is autism?

Answer 10

A complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first 3 years of life, and which is the result of a neurological disorder that affects functioning of the brain resulting in impacted social and communication development.
May have intellectual disability or not.