9: BASIC CONCEPTS ON LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY Flashcards
1
Q
- “The containment principles, technologies, and practices that are implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to pathogens and toxins, or their accidental release.”
- protects people from bad germs
A
BIOSAFETY
2
Q
- “The protection, control, and accountability for valuable biological materials within laboratories, in order to prevent their unauthorized access, loss, theft, misuse, diversion or intentional release”
- protects germs from bad people
A
BIOSECURITY
3
Q
- is terrorism involving the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents.
A
BIOTERRORISM
4
Q
environmental health engineer for Dow Chemical Company; 1966
A
- Charles Baldwin
5
Q
- Used in labeling biological materials carrying significant health risks
o Striking – to draw immediate attention
o Unique and unambiguous
o Quickly recognizable and easily recalled
o Easily stenciled
o Symmetrical
o Acceptable to groups of varying ethnic backgrounds
A
BIOSAFETY SYMBOL
6
Q
The host from which the microorganism originates. The carrier host might not show symptoms.
A
- Source
7
Q
The organism in which the microorganism infect. The new host must be susceptible.
A
- Host
8
Q
The type of microorganism that causes infection or hazardous condition.
A
- Agent
9
Q
The means of transmission, mostly direct or indirect. Some routes of transmission include air, insect, direct contact and contaminated surfaces.
A
Transmission
10
Q
- began in 1943
- US Biological Weapons Program
- ordered by President Franklin Roosevelt
A
Biosafety
11
Q
first scientific director
A
- Ira L. Baldwin
12
Q
designed modifications in the Camp
A
- Newell A. Johnson
13
Q
- 1907-1908
- Described the use of mechanical pipettors to prevent laboratory acquired infections
- Recognized as the Pioneer of Biosafety
A
ARNOLD WEDUM
14
Q
- A pharmaceutical company in Pennsylvania developed ventilated cabinet to prevent infection from M. tuberculosis
A
1909
15
Q
- smallpox outbreak
- WHO aggressively pursued eradication of smallpox virus
- WHO Assembly consolidated the remaining virus stocks to:
o Center for Disease Control (CDC) - U.S.A.
o State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR (SRCVB VECTOR) – Russia
A
1967
16
Q
- CDC Published the Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard
A
1974
17
Q
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) published Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules
A
1976
18
Q
- WHO released the first edition of Laboratory Biosafety Manual
A
1983
19
Q
- CDC and NIH released the first edition of Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories
- American Biological Safety Association (ABSA)
A
1984
20
Q
- US government enacted the Select Agent Regulations
- Monitor transfer of select list of biological agents from one facility to another.
A
1996