9. Attraction and Close Relationships Flashcards
The desire to establish and maintain many rewarding interpersonal relationships.
Need for affiliation
A feeling of deprivation about existing social relations. It is a sad and heart-wrenching emotional state.
Loneliness
The phenomenon whereby the more often people are exposed to a stimulus, the more positively they evaluate that stimulus.
Mere exposure effect
The belief that physically attractive individuals also possess desirable personality characteristics.
What-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype
The proposition that people are attracted to others who are similar in physical attractiveness.
Matching hypothesis
A mutual exchange between what we give and receive – for example, liking those who like us.
Reciprocity
The tendency to prefer people who are highly selective in their social choices over those who are more readily available.
Hard-to-get effect
A close relationship between two adults involving emotional attachment, fulfillment of psychological needs, or interdependence.
Intimate relationships
A perspective that views people as motivated to maximize benefits and minimize costs in their relationships with others.
Social exchange theory
The theory that people are most satisfied with a relationship when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both partners.
Equity theory
A relationship in which the participants expect and desire strict reciprocity in their interactions.
Exchange relationship
A relationship in which the participants expect and desire mutual responsiveness to each other’s needs.
Communal relationship
The way a person typically interacts with significant others.
Attachment style
A theory proposing that love has three basic components—intimacy, passion, and commitment—that can be combined to produce eight subtypes.
Triangular theory of love
Romantic love characterized by high arousal, intense attraction, and fear of rejection.
Passionate love
