9 Flashcards
best initial test for hemoptysis
chest x-ray
chronic myeloid leukemia ddx test and tx
- BCR-ABL test– philadelphia chromosome
- tx: tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Diagnosic test for infectious mononucleosis
- monospot test for EBV IM
Treatment difference between preseptal cellulitis (chemosis, eyelid swelling, erythema, fever, leukocytosis) vs postseptal cellulitis (sx of pre plus ophthalmoplegia, visual acuity changes, proptosis, diplopia)
- preseptal: oral abx
- post septal: IV abx (vac plus ampicillin-sulbactam)
Management of diabetic ketoacidosis
- IV insulin, aggressive fluid support, potassium supplementation
- if anion gap is still there and blood glucose <200, half insulin and add dextrose to prevent hypoglycemia
What should you watch out for in B 12 supplementation in megaloblastic anemia?
Hypokalemia, as you use potassium when making RBCs
Anterior uveitis (iritis) clinical features and diagnostic test
- pain, redness, variable visual loss, constricted and irregular pupil
- leukocytes in anterior segment
Management of HSV in pregnant pts, history vs no history of hsv
- if infected before, then needs antiviral therapy at 36 weeks, and needs c-section when delivering if infection is active
- if never exposed, no further testing needed
- if exposed to HSV infected partner, then needs HSV serology testing.
Which ratio measures association between studies?
Odds ratio–> odds of 1 event/odds of 2nd event
odds: probabilty of an event/1- prob of event
Clinical features of patellar tendon rupture
excruciating pain, swelling of the anterior part of the knee, inability to maintain passive extension of the knee against gravity
enuresis (bedwetting) at age 5 and above management and treatment
- need UA
- urologic imaging if significant daytime sx and history of recurrent UTI
- Tx: behavior modification, then enuresis alarms, then meds (desmopressin)
scaphoid fx diagnostic test and complication
- X-ray (can take upto two weeks for imaging to be positive), and if negative, MRI/CT, repeat x-ray, or bone scan
- nonunion and avascular necrosis
which herbal supplement can cause hypertension?
licorice
what side effect does ginko (dementia, neurological issue) have?
bleeding due to interaction with warfarin/aspirin
Actinic keratosis (skin disease from increased sun exposure) has increased risk of which cancer?
squamous cell carcinoma