1 Flashcards
Features of tabes dorsalis
- neurodegenerative condition that interferes with posterior spinal column and nerve roots
- treponema pallidum infx
- argyll robertson pupils (normal pupillary constriction w/ accomodation but not w/ light)
- sensory ataxia
- lancinating pain
- neurogenic urinary incontinence
late dementia is associated with what dz
alzheimers and vascular dementia
budd chiari syndrome signs sx tx
- ascites on imaging
- severe abdominal pain
- hepatic vein obstruction usually from thrombosis
- young and middle aged women
acute hep b treatment
- supportive measures, unless infected with concurrent hep c, immunosuppression, or severe disease
- then, requires antiviral therapy
- hep b ig and hep b vaccine usually given within 24 hours postexposure
acute to chronic hepatitis progression rates
- if perinatally acquired, then 90%
- for hep b, 5% of adults get chronic
- for hep c, 50%
- infected at age 1-5, 20-50% rate
Causes of long QT syndrome
- meds (diuretics, anti-emetics, anti-psychotics, TCA, SSRI, antiarrthymics, antianginal drugs, anti-infective drugs)
- metabolic disorders (electrolytes, hypothyroidism)
- bradyarrhythmias (SA node dysfx, AV node)
- Others (infection, hypothermia, MI)
torsades de pointes treatment
- IV mag
2. temporary transvenous pacing
Acute mitral regurgitation causes, sx, heart sound, diagnostic test
causes: mitral valve prolapse, IE, trauma, rheumatic heart dz
- sx: pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, pulm HTN–> right heart failure
- descrescendo systolic murmur, silent murmur 50% of the time
- need ECHO
Ehlers Danlos syndrome
- joint hypermobility
- velvety hyperextensible skin
- atrophic scars
- AD
Marfan’s syndrome
- pectus carinatum
- increased arm span to height
- aortic root dilation, MVP
- lens dislocation
- spontaneous pneumothorax
- AD
Refeeding syndrome clinical fx
- arrhythmia
- CHF (pulmonary edema, peripheral edema)
- seizures
- wernicke’s encephalopathy
- decreased phos, potassium, mg, thiamine, increase in sodium, water retention
hyperthyroidism treatment
- beta blockers if symptomatic
- methimazole, PTU if thyroid storm (fever, AMS, CHF, liver disease)
- surgery/RAI if oral drug therapy fails
thyrotoxicosis in elderly
- neuro: apathy, confusion, tremor, proximal muscle wasting
- CV: afib, tachycardia, HF
- endocrine: proptosis, lid lag, thyromegaly (often absent)
- GI: decreased appetite, constipation
suicide assessment
ideation, intent, plan
when to start antivirals for flu (ostelmavir)
- hospitalization
- less than 48 hours of sx onset
- age over 65 or pregnant
- other high risk medical condition; pulmonary, cardiac
