9/2 Anatomy Lab Flashcards
around the nipple
areola
the ligaments in the superior posterior of the breast
suspensory ligaments
posterior the breast
retromammary space
at the top of the sternum, the “shield” shaped bone
manubrium
bottom of the manubrium rib 2 connection
Sternal angle
xiphoid process
inferior the sternal body.
the main bone of the anterior thoracic wall
sternal body
true ribs
ribs 1-7
false ribs
ribs 8-10
floating ribs
ribs 11-12
the non-bone connection from rib to sternum
costal cartilage.
name the muscles of the anterior thoracic wall from superior to inferior
Deltoid muscles; pectoralis major; pectoralis minor; subclavius muscle; serratus anterior muscle
the groove cleft between the shoulder and the chest
Deltopectoral groove (cephalic vein is here)
describe the branches off of the thoracoacramial trunk of the axial artery
Pectoral; Deltoid; Acromial; Clavicular.
Name the intercostal muscles from the superior to the inferior
External intercostal muscles and membrane (diagnal towards the belly button); Internal intercostal muscles and membrane (towards the chin). Innermost intercostal muscles.
what three structures occupy the intercostal groove?
Intercostal vein; Intercostal artery; Intercostal nerve.
attach the posterior surface of the sternum to the costal cartilages of the mid to lower true ribs and functions to depress the costal ends of the ribs.
Transversus thoracis muscles
arise from the lower ribs near the angles and ascend 2-3 ribs to insert again near the angle of the rib. They are thin slips of muscles deep to the intercostal vessels and nerve and blend with the innermost intercostal muscles. They are more prominent in the lower aspect of the rib cage and assist in pulling the ribs downward.
subcostal muscles
name the layers of the pericardial sac from the external to the internal:
Fibrous paricardium; Pariatal paricardium; Visceral paricardium. The pariatal and visceral paricardium together are serous pericardium.
Serous-lined space located posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk, anterior to the superior vena cava, and superior to the left atrium. As the heart tube folds on itself during development, the transverse sinus marks the separation between the venous end and the arterial end of the heart tube.
Transverse pericardial sinus
Serous-lined blind cul-de-sac bordered by the 4 pulmonary veins and the inferior vena cava. The posterior wall of the oblique sinus is the parietal pericardium lining the posterior aspect of the fibrous sac, and the anterior wall of the sinus is the visceral pericardium covering the posterior surface of the heart.
Oblique pericardial sinus
anterior descending branch of cervical plexus; arise: C3-C5; enters mediastinum & thorax on route to lung; supplies diaphragm
phrenic nerve
drain blood from pericardium; course with phrenic n. & pericardiacophrenic a. lateral to heart; drain into internal thoracic v.
pericardiacophrenic vessels
arise: right aortic sinus; runs: coronary sulcus; supplies r. atrium, ventricles/intervent. septum (parts), SA/AV nodes; terminates as PDA
right coronary artery
branch of RCA; supplies SA node, part of pulmonary trunk & right atrium; in some cases SA node is supplied by LCA
Sinuatrial artery
branch of right coronary a.; near inferior margin of heart; supplies apex & right ventricle of heart
Right marginal artery
arise: left aortic sinus; supplies left atrium, part of both ventricles, ant. part of interventricular septum, AV node; br. into LAD & LCX
Left Coronary artery
terminal br. of RCA; travels in posterior interventricular groove to apex; supplies both ventricles; may form an anastomosis with LAD
Left anterior descending artery (LAD; anteror interventricular)
branch of LCA; supplies left atrium & left ventricle; courses left & then posterior in coronary sulcus to diaphragmatic surface
left circumflex artery (LCX)
between left atrium & ventricle (in coronary sulcus); termination of great cardiac v.
Coronary Sinus
follows LAD: apex to coronary sulcus; follows LCX; joins coronary sinus; drains ventricles & left atrium via tributaries & left marginal v.
Great cardiac vein
begins at apex of heart; follows post. interventricular a. (PDA) in post. interventricular sulcus; drains into coronary sinus
Middle cardiac vein
drains blood from regions superior to diaphragm into right atrium
SVC
IVC; formed by anastomosis of common iliac v.; courses retroperitoneally; drains abdominal viscera, abdominal walls, perineum, & lower limbs
IVC
right upper part of the heart
Right Atrium
myocardial wall separating left and right atria; contains fossa ovalis
Interatrial septum
depression located in interatrial septum; superior to IVC; remnant of fetal fossa ovale, which shunted blood from right atrium to left atrium
Fossa ovalis
between left atrium & ventricle (in coronary sulcus); termination of great cardiac v.
Coronary sinus
trabecular cardiac muscle tissue; located on anterior surface of the atria
pectinate muscles
the valve between the right atrium and ventricle
Tricuspid valve (right AV valve)
the right lower section of the heart
right ventricle
wall between the septums
Interventricular septum
large, smooth, irregular cardiac muscular elevations of ventricles of heart
Trabeculae carneae
attaches ant. papillary m. to inf. interventricular septum; carries part of right bundle br. of conducting system into ant. papillary m.
Septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)
Muscles connected to chordae tendineae
Papillary muscles
the chords connecting the papillary muscles to the valves
Chordae tendineae
site of origin for pulmonary artery; a conical extension serving as outflow part of right ventricle of heart
Conus arteriosus
valve between the RV and the pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary valve
exits right ventricle; carries deoxygenated blood toward lungs; courses ant., then to left of aorta; splits into right & left pulmonary a.
Pulmonary trunk
blood to the lungs
Pulmonary arteries
blood from the lungs travels in what?
Pulmonary veins
collects blood from the pulmonary veins
Left atrium
the wall between the atrium
Interatrial septum
rabecular cardiac muscle tissue; located on anterior surface of the atria
Pectinate Muscles
valve from the left atrium to ventricle (3 names)
Bicuspid valve (Left AV; Mitral valve)
pumps to the body
Left ventrile
wall between the ventricles
Interventricuar septum
large, smooth, irregular cardiac muscular elevations of ventricles of heart
Trabeculae carneae
valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
Aortic valve
the artery coming out of the LV
Ascending aorta