Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK I - Exam 2 > 9/12 Bone Histology > Flashcards

9/12 Bone Histology Flashcards

1
Q

bone segments

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

compact bone vs. spongy bone

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the immature bone called? and matured bone?

A

woven bone and lamellar bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

organic bone vs. inorganic bone

what does the organic bone contain?

what doess the inorganic bone contain?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Osteoprogenitor cells

  • Mesenchymal origin w/ properties of stem cells – Proliferative potential – Capacity to differentiate
  • Found in inner layer of ____and ____
  • Give rise to ______
  • Reactivated during times of bone repair
A

periosteum and endosteum

osteoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Osteoblasts

  • Epithelial-like cells w/ ____or ____shapes
  • Deposit ____ and control mineralization of osteoid
  • Give a strong cytochemical reaction for Alkaline Phosphatase (AlkPhos) – AlkPhos disappears when osteoblasts become osteocytes
A

cuboidal and columnar

osteoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Osteocytes

Osteoblasts trapped inside ____ w/in the osteoid matrix they deposited

  • Highly branched cells that create a complicated communicating network allowing them to get nutrients to survive
  • Life of the bone matrix depends on osteocytes being alive
A

lacunae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Osteoclasts

  • Derived from ______ lineage – Not osteoprogenitor lineage – Originate as monocytes that enter bone via blood stream then form osteoclasts
  • Generate a seculded acidic environment for bone resorption – Mediated by H+ -ATPase – Causes enzymatic degradation of organic matrix via ______
  • Important role in bone remodeling and renewal
  • Reside in Howship’s lacuna
A

monocyte macrophage

Cathepsin K protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Osteoclast Differentiation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

histology of the bone

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Periosteum

Principal functions:

  • Nutrition of osseous tissue
  • Continuous supply of new cells for growth and repair
  • Periosteum does not cover articular surfaces of bone
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Periosteum 2 layers

• Inner Layer

o _____ cells

o Osteogenic layer

• Outer Layer

o Rich in blood vessels and nerves

o Fibroblasts and collagen fibers

o Sharpey’s fibers – anchoring collagen fibers penetrate the outer circumferential lamellae

A

Osteoprogenitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Endosteum

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

osteon/haversian system

cement line is surrounded which structure?

A

osteon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Haversian canal:

• ＿＿＿＿＿ (direction) vascular channel • Housing capillaries and post-capillary venules • Center of osteon

Volkmann’s canal:

• _______ (direction) vascular channels • Connect Haversian canals

A

Longitudinal

Transverse

17
Q

osteon/Haversian system

A
18
Q

osteon/Haversian system

A
19
Q

intramembrane ossification

A
20
Q

endochondral ossification is from which structure?

where is the primary ossification center located? and secondary ossification center?

A

hyaline cartilage

primary - shaft

secondary - head

21
Q

Zones of Endochondral Ossification

A
22
Q

Periosteal Bone Growth

A
23
Q

Periosteal Bone Growth

A
24
Q

Bone Fracture Repair

what’s are the two critical elements formation for the fracture repair?

A
25
Q

Achondroplasia

  • Autosomal dominant mutation in _____
  • MC form of dwarfism
  • Presentation:

– Shortening of proximal extremities – Relatively normal trunk length – Small midface – Altered spinal curvature – Intelligence not usually affected

A

FGFR3

26
Q

Rickets

  • ____deficiency during growth, which causes a defect in mineralization of cartilage in growth plate
  • Caused by insufficient Ca intake or vitamin _____
  • Presentation:

– Delayed closure of fontanelles – Bowed lower limbs – Parietal and frontal bossing – Widening of wrists and bowing of distal radius and ulna

A

calcium

D

27
Q

Osteomalacia

  • Adult form of Rickets – progressive softening and bending of bone
  • Caused by vitamin D deficiency or GI disease (MC cause in U.S.)
  • Presentation:

– Bone and joint pain – Muscle weakness, spasms, and cramps – Fracture – Difficulty walking/waddling gait

A
28
Q

Osteoporosis

  • Progressive loss of normal bone density w/ deterioration of its microarchitecture
  • Caused by imbalance b/w osteoclast resorption of bone and osteoblast deposition of bone
  • MC occurring bone disease
  • Commonly occurs in elderly and postmenopausal females
  • Presentation: – Easy fractures​
A

MSK I - Exam 2 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions