Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Urogenital System > 8b Ectopic Pregnancy > Flashcards

8b Ectopic Pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Define an ectopic Pregnancy

A

A pregnancy occurring outside of the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ectopic Pregnancies usually occur where

A

Fallopian tube

But can also occur in the ovary , cervix and abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What percentage of ectopic pregnancies occur in the ampulla of the Fallopian tube

A

55%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What percentage of ectopic pregnancies occur in the isthmus of the Fallopian tube

A

18%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What percentage of ectopic pregnancies occur in the abdominal cavity

A

1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What percentage of ectopic pregnancies occur in the fimbria of the Fallopian tube

A

20%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What percentage of ectopic pregnancies occur in the ovaries

A

2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the incidence of ectopic Pregnancies in the Caribbean

A

1 in 140

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the incidence of Ectopic pregnancy in the USA

A

1 in 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List four risk factors for Ectopic pregnancy

A

History of PID (Pelvic inflammatory disease)
Previous Tubal Surgery
Intrauterine Contraceptive device (IUCD)
Previous Ectopic Pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List five symptoms of Ectopic pregnancy

A 
Vaginal bleeding
Lower abdominal and pelvic pain
Shoulder pain
Palpitations
Syncope
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List five signs of Ectopic pregnancy

A 
Tenderness of lower abdomen
Adnexal tenderness
Adnexal mass (20%)
Tachycardia and hypotension
Cullen’s sign (bluish discoloration around umbilicus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List three tests for Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis

A

Ultrasound Scan
Serial Quantitative beta hCG
Laparoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the criteria for Ectopic pregnancy- Expectant Management

A

Falling serum Beta hCG
Patient asymptomatic
No significant abdominal signs
Patient must be available for follow up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the criteria for Ectopic pregnancy- medical management

A 
Unruptured 
Diameter <3.5cm
No evidence of embryonic heartbeat 
Beta-hCG <10,000 mIU/ml
Reliable for follow up
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the medical management of Ectopic pregnancy which drug is administered and how much

A

Methotrexate, 50mg/m

The drug stops cells from growing - the pregnancy is absorbed by the body by weeks 4-6

17
Q

In Medical Management of Ectopic Pregnancy

Quantitative beta HCG is measured on which days

A

Day 4 and 7

18
Q

In Medical Management of Ectopic Pregnancy, Quantitative beta-hCG is measured on day 4 and 7

If day 7 level is < 15% lower than day 4 what is done

A

Repeat dose of Methotrexate

Ps// Methotrexate works by blocking the enzyme in the body that maintain the pregnancy

19
Q

List the steps in Medical Management of Ectopic Pregnancy

A

Methotrexate, single dose of 50 mg
Quantitative data – hCG measured on Day 4 and 7
If Day 7 level is less than 15% lower than Day 4 a repeat dose is given
There after weekly hCG levels are performed until the value is zero

20
Q

What are two types of surgical management for ectopic pregnancy

A

Conservative which is a salpingostomy

Radical which is a salpingectomy

21
Q

What is a conservative procedure for surgical management of an ectopic pregnancy

A

Salpingostomy

22
Q

What is the radical procedure for a surgical management of an ectopic pregnancy

A

Salpingectomy

23
Q

What is another name for Molar Pregnancy

A

Hydatidiform Mole

24
Q

What are the two classifications of Hydatidiform mole (molar Pregnancy)

A

Complete

Partial

25
Q

Describe the gross appearance of a Complete Hydatidiform Mole

A

Mass of grape- like vesicles varying in size from barely visible to a few cm in diameter

26
Q

Describe the histology of a Complete Hydatidiform Mole

A

Villous oedema
Decreased vasculature
Trophoblastic proliferation
Absence of fetus amnion

27
Q

Describe the genetics of a Complete Hydatidiform Mole

A

Most are diploid and 46 XX

Chromosomes completely paternal in origin

28
Q

Describe the gross appearance of a partial Hydatidiform Mole

A

Hydatidiform changes are focal and less advanced

Fetal tissues may be seen

29
Q

Describe the histology of a Partial Hydatidiform Mole

A

Trophoblastic proliferation is focal rather than generalised

30
Q

Describe the genetics of a Partial Hydatidiform Mole

A

Karyotype typically triploid
69XXX, 69XXY, 69XYY

One maternal but two paternal haploid compliments

31
Q

Molar pregnancies are associated with pregnancies at which age

A

Extremes of reproductive age

32
Q

List five clinical features of Molar Pregnancy

A 
Vaginal bleeding
Uterus large for dates
No fetal heart tones
Quantitative beta-hCG is elevated 
Bilateral the a lutein cysts on ovaries
33
Q

What are two tests done to diagnose Molar Pregnancy

A

Ultrasound scan

Quantitative beta hCG

34
Q

List five steps of management for Molar Pregnancy

A

Evacuation of the uterus via suction curettage
Serial beta hCG for one year
Avoid pregnancy for one year
If beta hCG plateaus or rises this indicates recurrent disease with a malignant potential of 20%
Patients with recurrence are treated with chemotherapy and methotrexate

35
Q

What is the prognosis of molar pregnancies with prompt diagnosis and prescription

A

Mortality rate almost 0

36
Q

20% of molar pregnancy is progressed to what type of tumor

A

Gestational trophoblastic tumor

37
Q

What is the rate of a molar Pregnancy in subsequent pregnancies

A

1-2%

Urogenital System (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions