8.5 - Polypetide Synthesis - Translation Flashcards
Once mRNA has passed out of the nuclear pore it determines what?
The synthesis of a polypeptide
What is the first step on how a polypeptide is made?
A ribosome becomes attached to the starting codon at one end of the mRNA molecule
What on the tRNA moleclue attaches to the codon on the mRNA molecule
Anticodon
What does the tRNA molecule carry?
A specific amino acid
What happens when another tRNA molecule attaches to the next codon next to another tRNA molecule
They pair, and the two amino acids are joined
What bond froms between the two amino acids?
Peptide bond
How are the peptide bonds formed between amino acids?
Using a enzyme and ATP which is hydrolysed to provide the required energy
What happens to the tRNA molecule after it is done on the mRNA molecule?
It breaks off leaving the amino acid connected behind to go find another amino acids and be used again
When does the synthesis of a polypeptide stop?
When the ribosome reaches a stop codon.
What happens when the ribosome reaches a stop codon?
The ribosome, mRNA, and the last tRNA molecule all separate and the polypeptide chain is complete.
What does a degenerate code mean?
When multiple codons can code for the same amino acid
What happens to the polypeptide next depends on what?
The protein being made
