8.3 Using genome projects ( topic 8 control of gene epxression)

Question 1

Define genome and proteome

Answer 1

Genome :
Complete set of genes in a cell
Proteome :
Full range of proteins that a cell can produce

Question 2

what is genome sequencing and why is it important

Answer 2

• identifying the DNA base sequence of an organisms genome
• So amino acid sequences of proteins that derive from an organisms genetic code can be determined

Question 3

explain how determining the genome of a pathogen could allow vaccines to develop

Answer 3

• could identify the pathogens proteome
• so could identify potential antigens

Question 4

suggest some other potential applications of genome sequencing projects

Answer 4

• identification of genes / allies associated with genetic diseases / cancers
  • new targeted drugs / gene therapy can be developed
  • can screen patients allowing early prevention / personalised medicine
• identification of species and evolutionary relationships

Question 5

Explain why the genome cannot be directly translated into the proteome in complex organisms

Answer 5

• presence of non coding DNA
• presence of regulatory genes

Question 6

Describe how sequencing methods are changing

Answer 6

• they have become automated
• they are continuously updated