8.3 GENOME PROJECTS Flashcards
What is a genome?
The complete set of genes in each cell. Each cell has a different complete genome.
What is genome sequencing?
Understanding the base sequence of an entire genome of each cell.
What are some applications of sequencing projects?
- Identifying antigens for vaccines
- Medical treatments
Why do we sequence the genomes of simpler organisms like prokaryotes?
Prokaryotes don’t have introns. By sequencing the genome we can find out the amino acid sequences that make up proteins. So the genome can be used to figure out the proteome.
What is the proteome?
The full range of proteins that can be coded for by the proteome of a cell.
How do you find the genome of complex organisms?
Through complex genome sequencing.
What is an example of a completed complex genome sequence?
The Human Genome Project - 2003.
What has the human genome project done?
It has determined the sequence of bases in each human genome.
What are some of the applications of the Human Genome Project?
- Can screen for abnormal sequences to ID for mutated disorders before symptoms.
- Can make personalised medicines.
Can you find the proteome from the genome of complex organisms?
No, as all human DNA has introns, that are not expressed as amino acids in proteins, so cannot directly translate the genome to the proteome.
How is the proteome of complex organisms currently being determined?
The Human Proteome Project is underway.
How are sequencing methods changing?
- Constantly developing and becoming faster & more efficient.
- More computer-based as opposed to lab-based.
