8.2 Respiration

Question 1

State the uses of energy in the body of humans [5]

Answer 1

-muscle contraction
-protein synthesis
-cell division
-growth
-maintenance of a constant body temperature

Question 2

Word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 2

glucose + oxgyen –> carbon dioxide + water

Question 3

Describe aerobic respiration [5]

Answer 3

-Chemical reactions
-in cells that
-use oxygen to
-break down nutrient molecules to
-release energy

Question 4

Balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 4

C6 H12 O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2 O

Question 5

Describe anaerobic respiration [5]

Answer 5

-chemical reactions in
-cells that
-break down nutrient molecules to
-release energy
-without using oxygen

Question 6

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles

Answer 6

glucose –> lactic acid + little energy

Question 7

What happens during vigorous exercise?

Answer 7

lactic acid builds up in muscles and blood causing oxygen debt

Question 8

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in microorganism yeast

Answer 8

glucose –> alcohol + carbon dioxide

Question 9

Describe the role of anaerobic respiration in yeast during bread-making [6]

Answer 9

-When yeast respires anaerobically
-uses up the glucose
-produces carbon dioxide
-produces ethanol
-carbon dioxide makes the bread rise
-ethanol evaporates

Question 10

What is the difference between anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

-aerobic uses oxygen
-anaerobic doesn’t use oxygen
-aerobic release lots of energy
-anaerobic release very little energy

Question 11

Describe [1] and explain [5] oxygen debt

Answer 11

+the amount of extra oxygen your body needs to get rid of the lactid acid
-You do vigorous excercise
-Your body can’t supply oxygen to your muscles quickly enough for aeroic respiraiton alone
-starts respiring anaerobically as well
-lactic acid builds up in muscle cells and in the blood
-You start respiring aerobically to get rid of lactic acid

Question 12

What does lactic acid cause in muscles

Answer 12

pain, fatigue

Question 13

Where is the lactic acid sent to

Answer 13

liver

Question 14

Aerobic respiration experiment set up [2]

Answer 14

-measure Oxygen use by measuring the distance the colored liquid moves
-use lime water to time how long it takes carbon dioxide to change it to cloudy white

Question 15

Describe yeast

Answer 15

A single celled fungus that carries out anaerobic respiration/fermentation