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Microbiology > 8.10 > Flashcards

8.10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Classification of viruses is made by:
A. Complement fixation serology
B. Electron microscopy
C. Nucleic acid composition
D. Cellular inclusion bodies

A

C. Nucleic acid composition

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2
Q

Which virus is the most common etiological agent of viral respiratory disease infants and children?
A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
B. Measles virus
C. Coxsackie A virus
D. Coxsackie B virus

A

A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

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2
Q

The most common viral syndrome of pericarditis, myocarditis, and pleurodynia (pain upon breathing) is caused by:
A. Herpes simplex virus
B. Respiratory syncytial virus
C. Epstein-Barr virus
D. Coxsackie B virus

A

D. Coxsackie B virus

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3
Q

Which of the following viruses is implicated along with Epstein-Barr virus as a cause of infectious mononucleosis?
A. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
B. Coxsackie A virus
C. Coxsackie B virus
D. Hepatitis B virus

A

A. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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4
Q

The most common causes of viral pneumonia in adults are:
A. Influenza and adenovirus
B. Hepatitis A and B viruses
C. Coxsackie A and B viruses
D. Herpes simplex and CMV

A

A. Influenza and adenovirus

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5
Q

Which virus belonging to the Reoviridae group causes gastroenteritis in infants and young children but an asymptomatic infection in adults?
A. Coxsackie V virus
B. Rotavirus
C. Respiratory syncytial virus
D. Rhabdovirus

A

B. Rotavirus

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6
Q

A very small, single-stranded DNA virus that causes a febrile illnes with a rash and is called the fifth childhood disease after rubeola, rubella, varicella, and roseola is:
A. Rotavirus
B. Adenovirus type 40
C. Coxsackie A virus
D. Parvovirus B19

A

D. Parvovirus B19

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7
Q

Hepatitis B virus can be transmitted by:
A. Acupuncture
B. Tattoos
C. Sexual contact
D. All of these options

A

D. All of these options

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8
Q

Which virus has been implicated in adult gastroenteritis resulting rom ingestion of contaminated food (especially shellfish) and water?
A. Norwalk-like viruses
B. Rotavirus
C. Hepatitis C virus
D. Coronavirus

A

A. Norwalk-like viruses

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8
Q

Which virus is associated with venereal and respiratory tract warts and produces lesion of skin and mucous membranes?
A. Polyomavirus
B. Poxvirus
C. Adenovirus
D. Papillomavirus

A

D. Papillomavirus

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9
Q

A clinical test used for the detection and identification of viral infections other than culture is:
A. Hemagglutination
B. Hemadsorption
C. Viral antigen detection
D. All of these options

A

D. All of these options

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9
Q

Which technique is used for the confirmation of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)?
A. Western blot (immunoblot) assay
B. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
C. Complement fixation
D. p24 Antigen testing

A

A. Western blot (immunoblot) assay

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10
Q

A 13-year-old was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of viral encephalitis. History revealed that the boy harbored wild raccoons form nearby woods. What is the best method to determine if the boy has contracted rabies?
A. Remover the brainstems from all of the racccons and examine for cytopathic effects
B. Request immunofluorescent test for antibody on the saliva fro mall of the raccoons
C. Request immunofluorescent test for antigen in cutaneous nerves obtained by nuchal biopsy of the patient
D. Isolate the virus form the saliva of both the animals and the patient

A

C. Request immunofluorescent test for antigen in cutaneous nerves obtained by nuchal biopsy of the patient

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11
Q

A 65-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with acute respiratory distress, fever, myalgia, and headache. Influenza A or B was suspected after ruling out bacterial pneumonia. Which of the following methods could be used to confirm influenza infection?
A. influenza virus culture in Madin Darby canine kidney
B. Hemagglutination-inhibition test for antibodies in the patient’s serum
C. Direct examination of nasal epithelium for virus using fluorescent antibody stain
D. All of these options

A

D. All of these options

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12
Q

The most rapid definitive diagnosis of a genital herpes simplex (HSV-2) infection in a 20-year-old man is made by which method?
A. Direct immunofluorescence test for viral antigen in vesicle fluid
B. Titer of serum and seminal fluid for antibodies to herpes simplex
C. Detection of antiherpes simplex in seminal fluid
D. Cell culture of vesicle fluid

A

A. Direct immunofluorescence test for viral antigen in vesicle fluid

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13
Q

A 20-year-old female college student complained of a sore throat and extreme fatigue. The physician noted lymphadenophathy and ordered a rapid test for infectious mononulceosis antibodies that was negative. Bacterial cultures were negative, as were serological tests for influenza A and B, HIV-1, CMV, hepatitis B, antistreptolysin O. What would be the next line of viral testing to establish a diagnosis?
A. Herpes simplex
B. Rubella
C. Epstein-Barr
D. West Nile

A

C. Epstein-Barr

14
Q

A 60-year-old male garderner form New York State was hospitalized with flulike symptoms and eventually idanosed with encephalitis. While working in his garden, he noticed several dead birds around his bird feeder. The region was known to be heavily infested with mosquitoes. What is the most likely cause of his illness?
A. West Nile virus
B. Epstein-Barr virus
C. Parvovirus
D. Hantavirus

A

A. West Nile virus

15
Q

A 30-year-old male patient who was a contractor and building inspector in the southwestern United States complained of difficulty breathing and was admitted to the hospital with sever respiratory disease. The physician noted a high fever and cough. Two days before, the patient had inspected an old warehouse, abandoned and infested with rodents. The patient was given intravenous antibiotics, but 2 days into therapy the pneumonia worsened and he developed pulmonary edema. Which organism should be suspected of causing his illness?
A. Hantavirus
B. Rotavirus
C. West Nile virus
D. Norwalk-like virus

A

A. Hantavirus

16
Q

A 3-year-old female was admitted to the hospital following a 2-day visit with relatives over the Christmas holidays. Vomiting and diarrhea left the child severely dehydrated. No other members of the family were affected. All bacterial cultures proved negative. A stool sample should be tested for which virus?
A. CMV
B. EBV
C. Hepatitis D
D. Rotavirus

A

D. Rotavirus

17
Q

A 25-year-old male patient was diagnosed with HIV-1 by enzyme immunoassay, testing positive twice, and the diagnosis was confirmed by Western blot testing. Which laboratory test should be performed prior to initiating antiviral therapy?
A. Quantitative plasma virus concentration (viral load testing)
B. Quantitation of CD4 lymphocytes
C. Phenotype/genotype resistance testing
D. All of these options

A

D. All of these options

18
Q

A 6-month-old male infant was hospitalized with a respiratory infection. He was diagnosed with apnea and bronchiolitis. Further testing revealed congenital hear disease. Bacterial cultures were negative for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. What further testing should be done?
A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
B. Rotavirus
C. Norwalk virus
D. HIV

A

A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

19
Q

A young male hunter encountered a fox in his path during a walk in the woods. The fox was staggering but appeared nonthreatening. The man tried to avoid contact but was attached and bitten on the leg. The bit broke the skin but was not deep. Wildlife official were unable to locate the fox for testing. What procedure should take place next for the hunter?
A. Spinal tap with CSF
B. Administration of hyperimmune antirabies globulin and rabies vaccine
C. Biopsy of the wound site
D. Throat culture and blood culture

A

B. Administration of hyperimmune antirabies globulin and rabies vaccine

20
Q

A 40-year-old female experienced a respiratory infection after returning home form a visit to her homeland of China. A rapid onset of pneumonia in the lower respiratory area prompted the physician to place her in isolation. She was diagnosed presumptively with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and placed on a respirator. What type of testing should be done next to diagnose this disease?
A. Molecular technique and cell culture
B. Latex agglutination test
C. Blood culture
D. Complement fixation

A

A. Molecular technique and cell culture

21
Q

A pregnant 25-year-old female with genital lesions delivered a premature newborn with complications. The baby tested negative for bacterial infection (cultures of blood and urine). Antigen testing of the baby’s urine proved negative for group B streptococci and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The mother tested negative for bacterial sexually transmitted diseases and for group B streptococci. The baby was treated with acyclovir and failed to survive. What was the most likely cause of death?
A. CMV
B. Human immunodeficiency virus
C. Respiratory syncytial virus
D. Herpes simplex virus

A

D. Herpes simplex virus

22
Q

A young father of two small children complained of a rash on the torso of his body. The children had been diagnosed with chickenpox and confined to their home. The father had experience chickenpox as a child and knew he did not have the same rash as his children. What is the most likely cause of the father’s rash?
A. Herpes simplex 1 virus
B. Varicella-zoster virus
C. Herpes simplex 2 virus
D. Epstein-Barr virus

A

B. Varicella-zoster virus

23
Q

The organs of a 65-year-old male were donated soon after a fatal auto accident. Three recipients of his corneas and kidneys died with weeks after receiving his organs. Which of the following viruses most likely caused the death of these recipients?
A. HIV
B. Rabies
C. Norwalk-like
D. Rotavirus

A

B. Rabies

24
Q

While on a 7-day cruise to Vancouver and Alaska a number of passengers reported to the ship’s medical staff complaining of vomiting and diarrhea. Which id the most likely virus to have infected these mainly adult passengers?
A. Rotavirus
B. Parainfluenza
C. Respiratory syncytial
D. Norwalk or Norwalk-like viruses

A

D. Norwalk or Norwalk-like viruses

25
Q

SITUATION: A patient tested positive for HIV-1 infection using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. however, 1 week later a second blood sample was collected and sent to a reference lab that performed a confirmatory test by Western blot. The Western blot test was negative. What best explains these results?
A. The samples for RT-PCR and Western blot were not form the same patient
B. RT-PCR is more sensitive for early detection
C. The RT-PCR result was falsely positive
D. The RT-PCR test detected HIV-2 and the Western blot is specific for HIV-1

A

B. RT-PCR is more sensitive for early detection

26
Q

SITUATION: A pregnant women was seen by her obstetrician with signs of flulike illness during her second trimester. NAT test were ordered for Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex 1 and 2. All test results were negative. However, after delivery, the newborn exhibited signs of an infection and failed to survive. Which virus causes a 90% transplacental infection rate when found in the mother?
A. Hepatitis A
B. Hepatitis B
C. Hepatitis D
D. Hepatitis G

A

B. Hepatitis B

27
Q

An immunocompromised patient was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of hemorrhagic cystitis. Which combination of virus and specimen would be most appropriate to diagnose a viral cause of this disorder?
A. BK virus-urine
B. Human papilloma virus-skin
C. Hepatitis B virus-serum
D. Epstein-Barr virus-serum

A

A. BK virus-urine

Microbiology (12 decks)

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