8.1 - HUMAN POPULATION DYNAMICS

Question 1

Crude Birth Rate formula

Answer 1

(births that year/total population)1000

Question 2

Crude death rate formula

Answer 2

(deaths that year/total population)1000

Question 3

Natural Increase rate formula

Answer 3

(CBR-CDR)/10

Question 4

Doubling time formula

Answer 4

70/NIR

Question 5

Fertility rate formula

Answer 5

(births that year/number of childbearing women)1000

Question 6

Stage 1 of population density

Answer 6

Expanding 1: high birth rates, short life expectancy, high death rates

Question 7

Stage 2 of population density

Answer 7

Expanding 2: high birth rates, longer life expectancy, falling death rates

Question 8

Stage 3 of population density

Answer 8

Stationary: declining births, + people living to old age, low death rates

Question 9

Stage 4 of human population density

Answer 9

Contracting: low birth rates, long life expectancy, high dependency, low death rates

Question 10

Causes for birth declines

Answer 10

→ Children are costly
→ More women want to start their own career
→ More family planning
→ Government looks after people through healthcare, pensions.

Question 11

Causes for death declines

Answer 11

→ Clean water
→ Reliable food supply
→ Good hygiene/sanitation
→ Lower population density
→ Higher standard of living

Question 12

Causes for birth increase

Answer 12

→ For labor
→ To look after them in old age
→ To continue family name
→ Prestige/status

Question 13

causes for death increase

Answer 13

→ Lack of clean water/food
→ Poor hygiene/sanitation
→ Overcrowding
→ Contagious disease
→ Poverty

Question 14

Annual increase rate

Answer 14

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