801e Aging & Disease Flashcards
conditions that aging predisposes you to
cardiovascular disease, strokes, cancers, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, dementias, osteoporosis
factors that affect mental status change
DRUGS, FLUIDS/ELECTROLYTES, INFECTIONS, ENVIRONMENT
MI symptoms in a younger adult
chest pain (crushing that radiates), diaphoresis (sweating), giddiness, N/V, brady/tachycardia, hypo/hypertension
MI symptoms in older adults
atypical
- presence of pain in inter scapular region, jaw, wrist, or shoulder
- syncope & dyspnea
angina in older adults
breathlessness, fatigue, faintness, chest pain from other causes, indigestion
diabetes in older adults
- dec glucose tolerance
- DO NOT have overt sx
- dec GFR w/inc renal glucose
- not prone to ketosis
sx of diabetes in older adults
sensory motor neuropathy, neurogenic bladder, sexual impotence, hyperosmolar non-ketotic coma (first sx)
infections in older adults
- classic findings of fever & leukocytosis may be absent
- high incidence of mortality due to immune senescence
pneumonia in older adults
- lethargy/confusion
- fever absent or delayed
- dehydration & cough
- sputum production slight
- tachycardia
- anorexia
UTI in older adults
lower tract infections common bc incidence of bacteriuria inc with age
-sx: enuresis (bed wetting), incontinence, confusion
constipation in older adults
due to poor diet, dec fluid intake, & dec activity
diarrhea in older adults
- diagnosis not significantly different
- pooping 2x/week is normal
what to evaluate for with diarrhea?
fecal impaction, rectal neoplasm, chronic GI ischemia, changes in diet & laxative abuse
what to rule out for constipation?
fecal impaction, depression, drugs (antidepressants, opiates)
