801 Exam 1 Epidemiology of Aging

Question 1

aging

Answer 1

multi-faceted developmental process that begins at conception that affects all body systems and processes & influences all human domains

Question 2

life expectancy in 2016

Answer 2

• male: 76.1

- female: 81.1

Question 3

what are the most common chronic health conditions?

Answer 3

arthritis and HTN

Question 4

comorbidity

Answer 4

the co-occurrence of two or more disorders in a single individual

Question 5

highest causes of mortality of people 65 yrs +

Answer 5

heart disease, cancer, stroke, influenza & pneumonia, Alzheimer’s & diabetes

Question 6

life course perspective

Answer 6

focuses on a person’s life trajectory and how the trajectory influences all the comes after

Question 7

cohort effects

Answer 7

effects occurring because of historical events during an individual’s life course

Question 8

weathering

Answer 8

relationship between early life experiences & health outcomes

Question 9

negative weathering

Answer 9

those with high stress exposures (poverty & educational disadvantagement) experience differential morbidity and premature mortality

Question 10

positive weathering

Answer 10

allows individual to develop adaptation strategies that can contribute to functional competence

Question 11

geriatric syndromes

Answer 11

frailty, dementia, imbalance/falls/immobility, functional decline, urinary incontinence, malnutrition, polypharmacy

Question 12

do all older adults become frail?

Answer 12

• > 65 yo: 7%
• 65-74: 3%
• 85+: 25%

Question 13

intrinsic risk factors for falls

Answer 13

cognitive, vision, gait, balance impairment, high risk/contraindicated medications, urge incontinency, recent history of falls

Question 14

extrinsic risk factors for falls

Answer 14

assistive devices, inappropriate footwear, restraint, use of non sturdy furniture or equipment, poor lighting, uneven or slippery surfaces

Question 15

contributing factors to falls

Answer 15

orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmia, infections, muscular weakness, altered level of consciousness, sensory disturbances, dehydration, infection, electrolyte imbalances, depression

Question 16

polypharmacy

Answer 16

individual taking over 4 drugs