Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > 8-year old well-child > Flashcards

8-year old well-child Flashcards

1
Q

BMI

A

weight (kg)/height (m2)

  • reflects amount of body fat
  • used for children over 2 to account for height
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Weight age

A

age at which patient’s weight would be at 50th percentile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Height age

A

age at which patient’s height would be at 50th percentile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ADHD symptoms

A

inattention
hyperactivity
impulsivity
Prevalence= 8-10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Diagnosis of ADHD

A
  1. Symptoms must be present for 6 months and be inappropriate for patient’s age
  2. Symptoms must be present before age 12
  3. 2 or more settings
  4. Interfere with social, school, or work
  5. Not due to mental disorder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Possible causes of school failure

A
  1. Sensory impairment - hearing or vision impairment
  2. Sleep disorder - inadequate sleep can cause trouble in school
  3. Mood disorder - increases with age and can cause trouble
  4. Learning disability - impair performace –> behavioral and attention problems
  5. Conduct disorder - hostile, defiant, deviant behavior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Red Flags of learning disability

A
  1. history of maternal illness during pregnancy
  2. complications at time of delivery
  3. history of meningitis or serious illness
  4. history of serious head trauma
  5. parental history of learning disability or school trouble
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Response to ADHD medication

A

Methylphenidate - 80% of kids with ADHD will respond to the medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Adverse effects of ADHD meds (stimulants)

A

Appetite suppression
Tic disorders
Insomnia - dose-related
Decreased growth velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Addressing obesity with kids

A

inquire whether they think weight is a concern

- talk about immediate effects and long-term effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Epidemiology of obesity

A
  • Prevalence has double last 20 years
  • 15% has of adolescents are obese
  • 80% presist into adulthood
  • mulifactorial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Risk Factors for obesity

A
  1. high birth weight and maternal diabetes
  2. Having an obese parent
  3. Low SES
  4. Genetic syndromes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Complications of obesity

A
  1. Sleep apnea
  2. Dyslipidemia
  3. Type II diabetes
  4. SCIFE
  5. HTN
  6. Steatohepatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Type II diabetes in kids

A

Increasing incidence (19% of all newly diagnosed type II were children)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diagnostic criteria for diabetes

A
  1. Random glucose >200
  2. Fasting glucose >126
  3. Post-glucose load at 2 hr >200
  4. HgA1C >6.5%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Screening guidelines for diabetes

A
  1. Overweight with family history or signs of insulin resistance
  2. > 10 years old
  3. Screen every 3 years
17
Q

Causes of falsely elevated BP

A

“white coat HTN”, pain, arm below heart level

18
Q

Secondary HTN in kids

A
  1. Umbilical artery or venous access in neonates predisposes to kidney problems
  2. UTIs - renal scarring
  3. Pheochromocytoma
  4. Family history
  5. Coarctation of the aorta
19
Q

Acanthosis Nigricans

A

associated with obesity and a indicator of insulin resistance

  • lesions improve with weight loss
  • hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis
20
Q

Weight gain vs endocrine disorders

A

Endocrine disorders that cause weight gain usually lead to height growth impairment –> short stature

  • these disorders should be referred to an endocrinologist
  • too much weight gain and normal height is obesity
21
Q

Evaluating HTN

A
  1. regular BP checks outside the office and keep a BP log

2. Try to cut back on salt and incorporate more fruits, veggies, and water

22
Q

Initial treatment for ADHD

A

Write down name of medication, starting dose, frequency, when to take it
- monitor for efficacy

23
Q

Weight management plan for family

A

Start with diet –> limit screen time –> increase physical activity

24
Q

Motivational Interviewing

A

counseling technique based on identifying patient’s motivation for changing behavior

  • get them to state their reasons for change
  • set a goal (realistic)
  • use external motivators
  • be cautious
25
Q

Steps in change

A 
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Determination
Action
Maintenance
Relapse

Pediatrics (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions