8 Project Quality Management

Question 1

These diagrams, such as the project network

diagram, show the flow of the project work.

Answer 1

Activity network diagram

Question 2

This diagram breaks down ideas, solutions,
causes, and project components and groups
them together with other similar ideas and
components.

Answer 2

Affinity diagram

Question 3

Comparing any two similar entities to measure

their performance.

Answer 3

Benchmarking

Question 4

Diagrams that show the relationship between
variables within a process and how those
relationships may contribute to inadequate
quality. The diagrams can help organize both the
process and team opinions, as well as generate
discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality.

Answer 4

Cause-and-effect diagrams

Question 5

A simple approach to ensure that work is

completed according to the quality policy.

Answer 5

Checklist

Question 6

A chart that maps the

performance of project work over time.

Answer 6

Control chart

Question 7

An inspection-driven process that measures work
results to confirm that the project is meeting the
relevant quality standards.

Answer 7

Control quality

Question 8

This is the cost associated with the monies spent
to attain the expected level of quality. It is also
known as the cost of quality.

Answer 8

Cost of conformance

Question 9

The cost associated with not satisfying quality
expectations. This is also known as the cost of
poor quality.

Answer 9

Cost of nonconformance to quality

Question 10

A process to study the trade-offs between costs

and the benefits realized from those costs.

Answer 10

Cost-benefit analysis

Question 11

An approach that relies on statistical scenarios to
determine what variables within a project will
result in the best outcome.

Answer 11

Design of experiments

Question 12

Assurance provided to the external customers of

the project.

Answer 12

External QA

Question 13

A diagram illustrating how components within a
system are related. Show the relation
between components, as well as help the project
team determine where quality issues may be
present and, once done, plan accordingly.

Answer 13

Flowchart

Question 14

Assurance provided to management and the

project team.

Answer 14

Internal QA

Question 15

The abbreviation for the International
Organization for Standardization. ISO is Greek for
“equal,” while “International Organization for
Standardization” in a different language would
be abbreviated differently. The organization
elected to use “ISO” for all languages.

Answer 15

ISO

Question 16

A data analysis table that shows the strength
between variables and relationships in the
matrix.

Answer 16

Matrix diagram

Question 17

A histogram that illustrates and ranks categories

of failure within a project.

Answer 17

Pareto diagram

Question 18

According to ASQ, the degree to which a set of

inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

Answer 18

Quality

Question 19

A management process that defines the quality
system or quality policy that a project must
adhere to. It aims to plan quality into the
project rather than to inspect quality into a
deliverable.

Answer 19

Quality assurance

Question 20

This plan defines how the project team will
implement and fulfill the quality policy of the
performing organization.

Answer 20

Quality management plan

Question 21

The operational definitions that specify the
measurements within a project and the expected
targets for quality and performance.

Answer 21

Quality metrics

Question 22

The process of first determining which quality
standards are relevant to your project and then
finding out the best methods of adhering to
those quality standards.

Answer 22

Quality planning

Question 23

A component of a control chart that illustrates
the results of seven measurements on one side
of the mean, which is considered “out of control”
in the project.

Answer 23

Rule of Seven

Question 24

A quality control tool that shows the results of
inspection in the order in which they’ve
occurred. The goal of is first to
demonstrate the results of a process over time
and then to use trend analysis to predict when
certain trends may reemerge.

Answer 24

Run chart

Question 25

A quality control tool that tracks the relationship
between two variables over time. The two
variables are considered related the closer they
track against a diagonal line.

Answer 25

Scatter diagram

Question 26

These seven tools are used in quality planning
and in quality control: cause-and-effect diagrams,
flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams,
histograms, control charts, and scatter diagrams.

Answer 26

Seven basic quality tools

Question 27

A process of choosing a percentage of results at
random. For example, a project creating a
medical device may have 20 percent of all units
randomly selected to check for quality.

Answer 27

Statistical sampling

Question 28

Flowcharts that illustrate the flow of a process
through a system, such as a project change
request through the change control system, or
work authorization through a quality control
process.

Answer 28

System or process flowcharts

Question 29

Diagrams show the hierarchies and
decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a
project team. The WBS and an org chart are
examples of these.

Answer 29

Tree diagram

Question 30

The science of using past results to predict future

performance.

Answer 30

Trend analysis

Question 31

The results of the project work as needed. This
includes technical performance measures,
project status, information on what the project
has created to date, corrective actions, and
performance reports.

Answer 31

Work performance information