8 Principles Flashcards
Defined the exterior of the body and explain what it means by an exterior pattern
The exterior is a space between the skin and the muscles were defensive tree and sweat are located and the channels and exterior pattern refers to the location of the disease in the exterior
What are the two most characteristic clinical manifestations arising from invasion of exterior by a pathogenic factor
AVersion to cold and fever
What are the main signs the differentiate a hot or cold character of an exterior pattern
thirst (hot) or is absents (cold) And tight (cold) or rapid (hot) pulse 
How am I you tell whether next to your pattern is full or empty
Three factors: sweating (empty) or it’s absence (Full), pulse ( slow in empty and tight in full) , Severity of body aches (severe is full less so in empty)
What symptom would you tell that a pathogenic factor had progressed into the interior
Aversion to cold would change to aversion to heat
Give three clinical manifestations of an internal condition of full heat
Any three of: thirst, a feeling of heat, some mental restlessness, red face, dry stool, scanty dark urine, a full rapid pulse, read tongue with yellow coat
How do you mental emotional symptoms characterizing full heat differ from those of empty heat
Full heat causes severe mental restlessness agitation anxiety and insomnia with agitated sleep. Empty heat causes a big mental restlessness that is worse in the evening anxiety with fidgeting and waking up frequently during the night
Give as many clinical manifestations of internal full cold as you can
Any of the following: feeling cold, cold limbs, lack of thirst, pale face, abdominal pain aggravated on pressure, desire to drink warm liquid, loose stools, clear abundant urination, a deep full tight pulse and a pill tongue with thick white coating
Patient presents a feeling of cold with loose stool a pale and swollen tongue and a deep slow pulse what pattern do you suspect and what is its nature in terms of hot cold and full and empty
Spleen yang deficiency. This is an example of empty cold
How would you describe the following clinical manifestations in terms of the eight principles: thirst, irritability, sour regurgitation, bitter taste, mouth ulcers, loose stools, Borborygmi And profuse pale urine
The symptoms are an example of heat above and cold below
Define the full and empty conditions
A full condition is characterized by the presence of a pathogenic factor (interior or exterior) and by the fact that the body’s qi is relatively intact. An empty condition is characterized by the weakness of the bodies qi In the absence of a pathogenic factor
Give three general signs of an empty condition
Any three of the following signs are a sign of an empty condition: a week voice, a doll lingering pain, a very pale face, slight sweating, listlessness, curling up in bed, quiet disposition
Do you have three manifestations of empty blood
Any three of the following: a dull pale face, pale lips, blurred vision, dry hair, tiredness, poor memory, numbness or tingling, insomnia, scanty periods or amenorrhoea, A fine or choppy pulse and a pale thin tongue
Regarding hot and cold exterior conditions which statement is incorrect
A) The clinical manifestations of an exterior full pattern include fever, no sweating, severe bodyaches and aversion to cold
B) an exterior empty pattern manifest as a slight or no fever, sweating, aversion to wind and slight bodyaches
C) an exterior heat pattern presents with aversion to cold, fever, slight sweating, thirst, a floating rapid pulse and a thin white tongue coating
D) High fever, but pronounced aversion to cold and severe aches in the body, indicates an exterior cold pattern
E)Aversion to cold, fever, aching body, a stiff neck and flooring pulse are all signs of an exterior pattern
D
Empty heat arises from Yin Deficiency. Which group of signs is the manifestation of empty heat
A) Feeling of heat in the afternoon/evening, a dry mouth and throat at night, night sweating, five palm heat, Drey stools, scanty dark urine, a floating empty pulse and rapid pulse and red peeling tongue
B) thirst, feeling of heat, mental restlessness, red face, dry stool, scanty dark urine, Rapid full pulse, red tongue with yellow coat
C) no thirst, pale face, abdominal pain aggravated on pressure, desire to drink warm water, loose stools and clear abundant urination
D) feeling cold, cold limbs, a dull pill face, no thirst, listlessness, sweating, loose stool, clear abundant urination, deep slow pulse and pale tongue with thin white coat
E) fever with aversion to cold, no sweating, a headache and stiff neck, aches throughout the body and irritable and thirst
A
In terms of cases mixed with hot and cold which pattern do the symptoms belong to: fever with aversion to cold, sore throat, thirst, headache, floating rapid pulse, loose stools, chilliness and profuse pale urination
A) heat on the exterior, cold on the interior
B) called on the exterior, heat on the interior
C) heat above cold below
D) combination of heat and cold patterns
E)True cold, false heat and true heat, false cold
A
Regarding full and empty conditions which symptoms indicate an empty yang condition
A) acute onset, restlessness, irritability
B) slight Shortness of breath, tiredness lack of appetite
C) chilliness A bright pale face, cold limbs, no thirst
D)Double pale face, pale lips, blurred vision, Dry hair, tiredness
E)Feeling of heat in the afternoon or evening, a dry throat at night, night sweating, thin body
C
Which of the following symptoms indicate collapse of yin A) skin hot to touch B) short and dry tongue C) floating empty and rapid pulse D) abundant perspiration E)All of the above
E
In differentiation of exterior and interior is made on the basis of what caused the disharmony, not the location of disease true or false
False
And false heat and false cold, but the appearance is false i.e. there is no heat or cold respectively true or false
True
In cases of false heat and false cold tongue diagnosis shows it most useful aspect as the tongue body colour nearly always reflect the true condition true or false
True
Collapse of yin or yang is always followed by death true or false
False
