8. Multiple Choice Flashcards
The 2003 creation of the Department of Homeland Security illustrated the principle that bureaucracies are sometimes created …
for political reasons, such as to avoid blame for failing to respond to a threat.
According to National Election Studies opinion polls from 1964 to 2016, the public belief that there is a lot of waste in government was at its highest point in …
1980, coinciding with the election of Ronald Reagan.
What is the term for the offices, tasks, and principles of organization used to coordinate the work of personnel?
bureaucracy
What is the key to effective bureaucracy?
division of labor
As bureaucracies develop, their organizational system often approximates the shape of a …
pyramid
What is a bureaucracy?
the complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization employed by all large-scale institutions to coordinate the work of their personnel
Why do the authors of the text say bureaucracy makes government possible?
It provides the efficient implementation of policy and allows a credible commitment to the long-term existence of a policy.
“When created, bureaucracies assume a status of relative permanence, and future developments are shaped, as the history principle suggests, by these initial conditions.” This point of view is most consistent with which of the following concepts?
path dependency
“Bureaucrats are charged with implementing statutes and policies produced by their ‘masters,’ the elected politicians in the White House and on Capitol Hill. But the relative permanence enjoyed by the bureaucracy is a form of insulation—servants have discretion and masters are limited in their ability to control them.” This statement reflects which of the following concepts?
agency loss
The primary task of bureaucracy is …
implementation
The efforts of departments and agencies to translate laws into specific bureaucratic routines are called …
implementation
A form of implementation in which bureaucrats try to discern and carry out the intention of their political superiors is known as …
interpretation
When the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) specified that the congressional mandate to provide clean drinking water would be interpreted to mean that water could have no more than .01 microgram per liter of arsenic and still be considered safe for drinking, it exercised the power of …
rule making
A quasi-legislative administrative process of writing regulations by government agencies is known as …
rule making
The U.S. Forest Service’s ban on road building and development in national forests is an example of …
rule making
After the rules for a federal public agency are approved, where are they published?
Federal Register
After the rules for a federal public agency are approved, they …
have the force of law.
The application of rules and precedents to specific cases to settle disputes with regulated parties is …
administrative adjudication
When executive agencies engage in administrative adjudication, they essentially act like a(n) …
court
Which of the following is a constraint that government bureaucrats face to a greater degree than private (business) bureaucrats?
Government bureaucrats are subject to much greater public scrutiny.
Congress intends for some bureaucracies to promote, serve, or represent a particular interest. What is the general term for this type of department or bureau?
clientele agency
The Department of Agriculture and the Department of Homeland Security are both examples of which level of bureaucracy?
cabinet department
In the United States, the head of a cabinet-level department is usually called a …
secretary
Specialized programs like the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the U.S. Forest Service are examples of which level of bureaucracy?
bureau
Amtrak is an example of which type of bureaucratic structure?
government corporation
A type of government agency that is outside the departmental structure but operates more like a private business that charges for its services is called a …
government corporation
Governmental agencies set up by Congress outside the departmental structure, like the Environmental Protection Agency, are known as …
independent agencies
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is most accurately classified as a(n) …
independent agency
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which is not part of a cabinet department, is most accurately classified as a(n) …
independent agency
