5. Multiple Choice

Question 1

What legal or moral claims are citizens entitled to make on the government?

Answer 1

civil rights

Question 2

What term describes governmental guarantees of equal entitlement to certain privileges?

Answer 2

civil rights

Question 3

The government’s obligation to allow African Americans to exercise their opportunity to vote is an example of a …

Answer 3

civil right

Question 4

The Supreme Court’s 1857 decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) ruled that slave could not seek his freedom using this government resource?

Answer 4

federal court system

Question 5

Which amendment contains the “equal protection clause?”

Answer 5

the Fourteenth Amendment

Question 6

This clause of the Fourteenth Amendment has become the basis for civil rights claims on the basis of race, ethnicity, gender, and sexual preference.

Answer 6

equal protection clause

Question 7

In the U.S. Constitution, civil rights issues often arise under the __________ clause.

Answer 7

equal protection

Question 8

Civil rights did not become a part of the Constitution until 1868 with the adoption of the __________ Amendment.

Answer 8

Fourteenth

Question 9

In which amendment does the equal protection clause appear?

Answer 9

the Fourteenth Amendment

Question 10

Which clause in the Constitution extended civil rights to all persons?

Answer 10

equal protection clause

Question 11

There are still several restrictions on who is eligible to vote in U.S. elections. Which group currently faces no restrictions from voting?

Answer 11

naturalized citizens

Question 12

Imagine an individual politician who is in favor of restricting the extension of voting rights to a currently disenfranchised group. This politician fears the new group of voters will vote him and his political party out of office if it gains the right to vote. This politician’s behavior best reflects which principle of politics?

Answer 12

the rationality principle

Question 13

In which year was the Nineteenth Amendment passed?

Answer 13

1919

Question 14

Which constitutional amendment guaranteed women the right to vote?

Answer 14

the Nineteenth Amendment

Question 15

Wyoming is nicknamed “The Equality State” because in 1869 it was the first state or territory to extend voting rights to this group.

Answer 15

women

Question 16

Of the various restrictions on suffrage that were in place at the founding of the United States, which was the first to be almost entirely eradicated?

Answer 16

property qualifications

Question 17

In the post-Reconstruction South, the White Primary, literacy tests, and redistricting were all tactics used to deprive African Americans of which basic civil right?

Answer 17

voting

Question 18

The 2013 Supreme Court decision Shelby County v. Holder struck down what critical provision of the 1965 Voting Rights Act?

Answer 18

preclearance of state and local laws affecting elections

Question 19

In the Shelley v. Kraemer case involving the widespread practice of restrictive covenants, the Supreme Court ruled that restrictive covenants could …

Answer 19

not be judicially enforced

Question 20

Plessy v. Ferguson was a civil rights case involving the …

Answer 20

equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

Question 21

Plessy v. Ferguson ruled that the federal government …

Answer 21

could enforce political equality but not social equality

Question 22

In 1954, the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education overturned the infamous “separate but equal doctrine” articulated in which earlier case?

Answer 22

Plessy v. Ferguson

Question 23

In Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court overturned Plessy v. Ferguson because …

Answer 23

separate educational facilities are inherently unequal

Question 24

As a consequence of Brown v. Board of Education …

Answer 24

schools eventually allowed students to attend their neighborhood school regardless of race, although segregation continued due to racially segregated housing

Question 25

Which of the following is correct regarding segregation?

Answer 25

De jure segregation is created by law; de facto segregation is created by private behavior.

Question 26

After the Brown decision, what was the status of the ability to regulate de jure and de facto segregation in public educational settings?

Answer 26

De jure segregation was banned; de facto segregation was not

Question 27

Which of the following is an example of de facto segregation?

Answer 27

In a medium-sized city, the black population lives almost entirely south of the railroad tracks while almost the entire white population lives north of the tracks

Question 28

Racial segregation that is a direct result of law or official policy is known as __________ segregation.

Answer 28

de jure

Question 29

If a school district moved to a plan where students attended the school closest to their home, but that plan resulted in schools that were predominantly white or predominantly black, the resulting segregation would be termed __________ segregation.

Answer 29

de facto

Question 30

Individuals participating in the civil rights movement faced many costs, such as lost time, resources, and threats to their personal safety, yet the contribution of any one individual to the movement’s overall success was small. What does this say about certain types of political behavior?

Answer 30

Participants in the civil rights movement attached high experiential value to being an active member in the movements