8: Lumbar Vertebrae Mechanics Flashcards
Four spinal junctions
- Craniocervical
- Cervicothoracic
- Thoracolumbar
- Lumbosacral
All thoracic spinal processes and their levels
T1-T3: even with transverse processes
T4-T6: located 1/2 segment below corresponding transverse processes
T7-T10: located at level of transverse process of the vertebrae below
T11: same as T4-T6
T12: same as T1-T3
Vertebral level of the spine of the scapula (spinous and transverse processes)
T3 spinous, T3 transverse process
Vertebral level of the inferior angle of the scapula (spinous and transverse processes)
T7 spinous, T8 transverse processes
Mnemonic for the superior facet orientation for the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine + what it means
BUM-BUL-BM
Cervical: backward, upward, medial
Thoracic: backward, upward, lateral
Lumbar: backward, medial
Thoracic vs lumbar body size and shape
Thoracic: medium sized, heart-shape
Lumbar: large size, kidney-shape
Which vertebrae have costal facets?
Thoracic (for rib articulation)
Three groups of transversospinalis muscles of the spine
- Rotatores (breves and longi)
- Multifidus
- Semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, thoracis)
Unilateral actions of rotatores vs multifidus and semispinalis muscles
Rotatores: side bends + rotates spine to opposite side (same direction
Multifidus and semispinalis: bends and rotates to opposite side (opposite directions)
Four effects of somatic dysfunction of the spine
- Reduces efficiency
- Alters nerve function
- Impairs flow of fluids
- Creates structural imbalance
Facet position in neutral range, flexion, and extension
Neutral range: facets not engaged
Flexion: facets open
Extension: facets closed
Harrison Fryette, DO
Described physiological motion of the spine, creating two principles of spinal motion
