8. Kidney Transplants

Question 1

What types of Transplants are there?

Answer 1

Living
Deceased
Pre-emptive (Before needing to start dialysis)
After starting dialysis

Question 2

What causes of death could allow deceased donors to give kidneys?

Answer 2

1. Cardiac Death

2. Brain Death

Question 3

What are the Two compatibility issues of Kidney transplants?

Answer 3

Blood Group

Tissue Type

Question 4

How many classes of MHC proteins are there?

Answer 4

2

Question 5

Give two examples of MHC class I genes

Answer 5

HLA-A

HLA-B

Question 6

Where can you find MHC Class I genes?

Answer 6

Most cells constitutively

Question 7

Give an example of a MHC class II gene

Answer 7

HLA-DR

Question 8

Where can you find MHC class II genes?

Answer 8

APC
B cells
Activated/Injured cells

Question 9

What events can trigger HLA antibodies to be produced?

Answer 9

1. Pregnancies
2. Blood Transfusion
3. Previous Transplants

Question 10

What is the 1 year graft survival rate for Kidney transplantation?

Answer 10

80-90%

Question 11

What is the 5 year graft survival rate for Kidney transplantation?

Answer 11

60-70%

Question 12

What is the 10 year graft survival rate for Kidney transplantation?

Answer 12

50-60%

Question 13

Give 6 examples of Transplantation Immunosuppression drugs

Answer 13

1. MMF
2. Rapamycin
3. Cyclosporin
4. Azathioprine
5. Tacrolimus
6. Steroids

Question 14

What infections can occur during transplantation?

Answer 14

1. Viral: CMV/Warts
2. Bacterial: Urine/Respiratory
3. Fungal: Pneumocystis

Question 15

What systemic complications can occur during transplantation?

Answer 15

1. Diabetes
2. Cosmetic issues
3. GI
4. Bone
5. Cardiovascular Disease/IHD/Hypertension

Question 16

What kind of Tumours can occur in Kidney transplantation?

Answer 16

1. Solid organ
2. Skin
3. PTLD

Question 17

What does PTLD stand for in the case of kidney transplant tumour issues?

Answer 17

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders