8. H2 Flashcards
Sector Coupling
Name numbers 1-7 (p.3)! (+ remember illustration!)
- Power2-heat (flexible CHP)
- Storage technology (power-to-gas)
- Power-2-gas as electricity storage
- Power-to-gas as heat storage
- Power-2-gas as fuel for electricity
- Electromobility
- Power-2-liquid as fuel for electricity
Potential of hydrogen in the future energy system
Carbon free energy carrier: Hydrogen can be produced from renewable electricity and is attractive because?
Because of its chemical nature, which makes it easier to store than electricity
Potential of hydrogen in the future energy system
It has the potential to secure the?
inter-seasonal supply of renewable energies through storage.
(Sector coupling ; link between fluctuating generation from sloar and wind energy and the temporally and spatially variable energy demands)
The potential of hydrogen in the future energy system
Use of existing infrastructure: Processed hydrogen could be fed into the natural gas grid, offering what? (3)
a storage system
the freeing-up of electricity-grid infrastructure
a reduced demand for natural gas imports
(LNG technologies can also be used)
The potential of hydrogen in the future energy system
Sector coupling: By coupling the electricity, heat, transport and industry sectors, renewable energies can be brought into sectors, which are?
difficult to electrify and are depending on combustion technologies
The potential of hydrogen in the future energy system
Carbon free hydrogen is also needed for industries which have a high non-energetic use of hydrogen. Name one industry for that this applies!
Chemical industry
-> there are processes, which need a lot of hydrogen (for example production of fertilizers)
German hydrogen demand will predominantly be met through ?(1)? in the coming years.
Electrolyzer locations in Germany are preferably situated in ?(2)?
(1) imports
(2) the northern region
Hydrogen Generation/Trading in Europe until 2045 (from a study) (see p.6+7)
…
Name methods of hydrogen generation! (3)
- Electrolysis (H2O+electrical energy -> H2 + 1/2 O2)
- Reforming (steam/oxygen, for example using methane, CO2 entsteht, possibility of CCS / CCUS)
- Pyrolysis (Heat (e.g. methane, C entsteht)
(siehe Abb. slide 10)
Make a appropriate assumption for electrolyzer efficiency? (Wirkungsgrad)
z.B. 70%
(Exakter:
- Alkaline (68-77% today)
- PEM (62-77% today)
- SOEC (89% laboratory)
An electrolyzer is to be built next to an open field (ground-mounted) PV plant with 200 MW installed capacity. Calculate the expected annual H2 production yield if all the electricity generated from the PV plant could be used for H2 production.
(Make appropriate assumptions for missing values, add them as well to the answer!)
assumptions: electrolyer efficiency: 70%; Sun hours per year: 25%
Calculation:
200MW * 8760h * 0,25 * 0,7 = 306.600 MWh/a (= 306,6 GWh/a
What is the main advantage of using hydrogen?
It can be produced from renewable electricity
It has the potential to secure the inter-seasonal supply of renewable energies through storage
(selbst)
Why is hydrogen not the solution to all challenges related to energy transition?
H2 production is energy-intensive and inefficient compared to direct electrification
(The focus should therefore be on the production for and use of hydrogen in sectors where electrifying is not that easy or not possible. Furthermore useful for storage purposes to stabilize the energy system that will highly depend on fluctuating RES)
(selbst)
Which industries are likely to have demand for hydrogen?
Industries that are difficult to electrify and depending on combustion technologies (f.e. steel industry)
Also in industries, which have a high non-energetic use of hydrogen there should be a shift to carbon free (green) hydrogen.
(-> for example in processes in the chemical industrie like for example production of fertilizers)
(selbst)
Which are the countries/regions with the highest hydrogen production potential?
Countries with an high potential for renewable energies and therefore potentially cheap production costs.
(selbst)
