8. eye and ear

Question 1

sclera

Answer 1

dense connective tissue

- white of eye

Question 2

cornea

Answer 2

transparent region of anterior eye

- allows light in to refract it

Question 3

iris

Answer 3

circular structure at anterior eye that gives it colour

Question 4

pupil

Answer 4

central opening of iris

- size controls amount of light getting in

Question 5

muscles controlling pupil size

Answer 5

dilator papillae
sphincter papillae

• found within eye

Question 6

ciliary muscle action

Answer 6

change lens shape for focusing

Question 7

muscle type of internal eye

Answer 7

smooth muscles

Question 8

5 eye muscles innervated by the occulomotor nerve?

Answer 8

inferior rectus 
medial rectus
superior rectus
inferior oblique
levator palpebrae

Question 9

innervated by trochlear nerve

Answer 9

superior oblique

Question 10

innervated by abducent nerve

Answer 10

lateral rectus

Question 11

role of opthalamic nerve

Answer 11

senses touch to cornea, discomfort and reflex to close eye

Question 12

superior oblique innervation and action

Answer 12

inn - trochlear nerve

act

• rolls eye outward and downward
• medial rotation

Question 13

levator palpebrae superioris innervation and action

Answer 13

innervation
- occulomotor nerve

action
- elevates superior eyelid

Question 14

superior rectus muscle innervation and action

Answer 14

innervation
- occulomotor nerve

action
- rolls eye upward

Question 15

lateral rectus innervation and action

Answer 15

innervation
- abducent nerve

action
- roll eye outward

Question 16

medial rectus innervation and action

Answer 16

innervation
- occulomotor nerve

action
- roll eye inward

Question 17

inferior rectus innervation and action

Answer 17

innervation
- occulomotor nerve

action
- role eye downward

Question 18

inferior oblique muscle innervation and action

Answer 18

innervation
- occulomotor

action

• roll eye upward and outward
• rotates eye laterally

Question 19

orbital septum

Answer 19

structure around eye

- there to create a closed structure

Question 20

orbicularis oculli

Answer 20

most superficial muscle surrounding orbital septum

Question 21

covering optic nerve as it passes through optic canal

Answer 21

sclera

Question 22

Retina

Answer 22

inner layer of eyeball that is sensitive to light

• creates vision
• rod and cone cells
• continuous with optic nerve

Question 23

small disks that reflect light to focus on retina

Answer 23

lens

Question 24

Vitrous anterior and posterior chambers

Answer 24

viscous fluid like substance that gives eyeballs its shape

- ant. raised cornea shape

Question 25

pathway of light

- near vs farsightedness

Answer 25

nearsightedness - cross

farsightedness - wide

Question 26

External ear

Answer 26

• auricular fibrocartilage covered in skin

- external acoustic meatus

Question 27

middle ear

Answer 27

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

3 ossicles

• malleus
• incus
• stapes

Question 28

inner ear structures

Answer 28

utricle
saccule
semicircullar canals and ducts
cochlear duct

Question 29

tympanic membrane function

Answer 29

transmits soundwaves via vibrations from outside of ear to the ossicles

Question 30

ossicles function

Answer 30

malleus, incus and stapes

- transmit sound waves to cochlear duct

Question 31

semicircular canal and cochlear fucntion

Answer 31

boney structures that contain semicircular duct and cochlear duct

Question 32

cochlear duct function

Answer 32

hearing organ

- filled with fluid that vibrates and stimulates Rc cells

Question 33

semicircular duct, saccule and utricle

Answer 33

organs related to balance

• vestibular system
• movement and orientation of the head