7. Head and face structures

Question 1

TMJ

Answer 1

temporomandibular joint

Question 2

type of cartilage in TMJ

- difference?

Answer 2

fibril cartilage

• stronger
• padding
• resistance to wear and tear
• not as good for sliding motions
• in contrast to articular cartilage

Question 3

motions of tmj

- muscles responsible

Answer 3

protrusion
- lateral pterygoid

retraction
- temporalis

elevation
- temporalis and medial pterygoid

depression
- relaxation of elevators

side to side
- medial and lateral pterygoids

Question 4

muscle that bulges when clenching

Answer 4

temporalis

Question 5

TMJ innervation

Answer 5

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 6

distinguishing between medial and lateral pterygoids

Answer 6

medial
- runs vertically

lateral
- runs horizontally

Question 7

distinguishing between masseter and pteygoid

Answer 7

masseter

• attaches superficial side of mandible
• lateral surface of ramus of mandible

medial pterygoid

• deep mandible
• medial (inside) surface of mandible

Question 8

papillae on anterior tongue

Answer 8

fungiform

Question 9

papillae on mid tongue

Answer 9

filiform

Question 10

papillae on posterior tongue

Answer 10

vallate

Question 11

papillae on lateral tongue (outside edges)

Answer 11

foliate

Question 12

taste buds are found

Answer 12

in all papillae but foliform (outside surface)

Question 13

underside of tongue made of

Answer 13

mucosal folds

- no papillae

Question 14

muscles in the tongue

- action

Answer 14

4 intrinsic
- change tongue shape
4 extrinsic
- move tongue in space

Question 15

superficial temporal vein drain into

Answer 15

internal and external jugular vein

• note: arteries are different

Question 16

role of parotid gland

Answer 16

major salivary gland

- silvia through parotid duct into oral cavity

Question 17

innervation of tongue muscles

Answer 17

3 extrinsic by hypoglossal nerve
4th by vagus nerve

4 intrinsic by hypoglossal nerve

Question 18

3 extrinsic tongue muscles to know

- action

Answer 18

styloglossus

• smallest of 4
• retraction and elevation

genioglossus

• majority of tongue body
• protrusion and depression

hyoglossus

• retraction and depression
• floor of submandibular triangle

Question 19

tongue arterial supply

Answer 19

lingual artery

Question 20

uvula composed of

Answer 20

connective tissue, glands and muscle fibers

Question 21

3 major salivary glands

Answer 21

parotid

• largest
• posterior

submandibular gland
- most inferior, below mandible

sublingual gland
- posterior to mandible

Question 22

guides air through nasal cavity

Answer 22

chonchea

- sup, mid and inf

Question 23

5 cartilages of the nasal cavity

Answer 23

septal cartilage
alar cartilage (left and right)
lateral cartilage (left and right)

Question 24

pituitary gland

- location

Answer 24

small bulge on hypothalamus

• secrete hormones that regulate homeostasis
• blood pressure and growth (HGH)
• sits above sigmoid sinus

Question 25

what are sinuses

Answer 25

air filled pockets lined with mucosa (secrete mucus)

- innervated by trigeminal nerve

Question 26

sinuses of skull

Answer 26

frontal (lower forehead)
ethmoidal (nasal bridge)
maxillary (largest - cheek bones)
sphenoid (behind nasal cavity)

Question 27

sinus headahce

Answer 27

pressure buildup in sinuses

- trigeminal nerve

Question 28

palatine nerve

Answer 28

branch of maxillary nerve (trigeminal nerve)

• roof of mouth
• tonsils
• line membrane of nasal cavity

Question 29

What are tonsils

Answer 29

lymph tissue