8. Epithelium

Question 1

Organs can be divided into _______ and _______.

Answer 1

parenchyma (functioning cells)

strom (supporting tissue)

Question 2

Non-covering epithelia is called?

Answer 2

glandular epithelia

Question 3

Lining of blood vessels is called?

Answer 3

endothelium

Question 4

Lining of body cavities is called?

Answer 4

Mesothelium

Question 5

Epithelia derived gland; contact is NOT maintained w/ surface; contents go into blood

Answer 5

endocrine gland

Question 6

epithelia derived gland; contact IS maintained with surface; contents emptied into duct

Answer 6

exocrine gland

Question 7

ECM layer that always lies at the interface between the epithelial cells & connective tissue

Answer 7

Basal Lamina

Question 8

What part of basal lamina is electron-lucent layer on one or both sides of lamina densa?

Answer 8

lamina lucida (lamina rarae)

Question 9

What part of Basal lamina is a delicate network of fine fibrils?

Answer 9

Lamina densa

Question 10

What are the main componetns of basal laminae?

Answer 10

• type IV collagen
• glycoproteins laminin and entactin
• heparan sulfate version of proteoglycans

Question 11

What is the more common type of basement membrane that separates and binds epithelia to connective tissue?

Answer 11

type formed by association of the basal and reticular laminae.

Question 12

What does type VII collagen form and what does it do?

Answer 12

Forms anchoring fibrils which bind the basal lamina to the subjacent collagen/

Question 13

What do epithelia tissues lack?

Answer 13

• an extensice extracellular matrix

- blood vessels

Question 14

What germ layer is forms skin, hair, nails, teeth, glands associated with skin (sweat, sebaceous, mammary)?

Answer 14

ectoderm

Question 15

Germ layer that is involved with lining of reproductive system, blood vessels, body cavities and forms renal components?

Answer 15

mesoderm

Question 16

Germ layer that lines GI tract, glads derived from embryonic gut ( liver, pancreas, some salivary glands), lining of respiratory tract?

Answer 16

Endoderm

Question 17

______ epithelium can be found on the surface of the ovary, in the thyroid gland and in small ducts.

Answer 17

simple cuboidal

Question 18

______ epithelium may be found lining the oviduct.

Answer 18

simple columnar ciliated epithelium

Question 19

What are long, non-motile processes of cells of the epididymis; inner core of actin microfilaments?

Answer 19

sterocilia

Question 20

Dome-like cells when relaxed, straighter cells when stretched?

Answer 20

transitional epithelium

Question 21

What are pseudostratified cells?

Answer 21

• base of all cells rest on basal lamina
• at least two levels of cell nuclei in epithelium (looks columnar)
• apical ends of short cells do not extend to free surface of the epithelium but others extend from base to free surface.

Question 22

what is the “brush boarder”?

Answer 22

microvilli+ glycocalyx (glycoprotein “fuzz”)

Question 23

Is a tight juction, has 5 layers, sealing strands, distribution around cell (apical belt)

Answer 23

zonula occludens

Question 24

Has 6 layers, width of extracellular space is 20nm and distribution around cell, actin microfilaments - terminal web

Answer 24

zonula adherens

Question 25

What do epithelia have that other tissues do not?

Answer 25

intercellular jxns, basal lamina

Question 26

Describe the characteristics of polarized epithelium and how the divisions into apical vs. basolateral domains impacts fx

Answer 26

• polarized: basal end vs apical surface
• Apical: regulate nutrient + water uptake; regulate secretion
• Lateral: cell contact, adhesion, + communication; generation of ion gradients
• Basal: anchor to basal lamina

Question 27

what type of microscope would you use for basal lamina? Basement membrane?

Answer 27

• Basal laminal is only 20-100 nm thick so only visible with TEM
• Basement membrane is visible with LM