2. Cell Ultrastructure Flashcards
(27 cards)
Central Dogma
DNA———>RNA———>protein
replication, transcription, translation
1st Law of thermodynamics
Energy is conserved in any process; the energy gained by a system is exactly equal to the energy lost by surrounding
2nd Law of thermodynamics
there is always an increase in Entropy in any naturally occurring process
power house of the cell;
- generate ATP
- generate CO2 and H2O
mitochondria
hormones, enzymes
secretory granules of golgi complex
melanin granules
pigment granules of golgi complex
broad interconnecting cisternae are in what structure?
Rough ER
tubular networks are in what structure?
Smooth ER
site of steroid biosynthesis
SER
Important role in glycogen breakdown and mobilization?
SER
Structure that functions in regulation of muscle contraction?
SER
Structure that functions in carbohydrate hydrolysis, terminal glycosylation, phosphorylation and sulfation, initial proteolysis as well as in protein sorting?
Golgi Complex
Structure that contains enzymes for beta-oxidation of long fatty acids; D and L-amino acid oxidases; and catalase which degrades peroxide to oxygen and water
Peroxisome
Goblet cells are found where?
lining of small intestine or respiratory tract; mucus-secreting unicellular gland.
Includes micrtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments?
Cytoskeleton aka (microtrabecular network)
Tubulins + MAPs form?
Microtubules
Actin form?
Microfilaments
epithelial cells have what type of intermediate filament?
cytokeratins
Muscle cells have what type of intermediate filament?
desmin
mesenchymal cells have what type of intermediate filament?
vimentin
nerve supporting cells have what type of intermediate filament?
GFAP
neurons have what type of intermediate filament?
Neurofliaments
what is arranged in a helical profile of 13 subunits?
Microtubules
Form the backbone for centrioles, basal bodies, flagella, and cilia?
microtubules
