8: Conformity and Deviance

Question 1

Behavior in accordance with socially accepted conventions or standards

Answer 1

Conformity

Question 2

The anticipated behavior to follow and refers to the design to go along with the norms of a group of people, so you will be accepted as an in-group person and not rejected an an out-group undesirable person

Answer 2

Conformity

Question 3

Departing from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behavior

Answer 3

Deviance

Question 4

Behavior that violates expected rules and norms

Answer 4

Deviance

Question 5

The study of why people violates laws and norms and how society reacts to this violations

Answer 5

Deviance

Question 6

An Italian criminologist and physician who founded the Italian School of Positivist Criminology

Answer 6

Cesare Lombroso

Question 7

Father of Criminology

Answer 7

Cesare Lombroso

Question 8

Theory stating that criminality was inherited and that someone “born criminal” could be identified by physical or congenital defects

Answer 8

Theory of Anthropological Criminology

Question 9

7 Anthropological Features that criminals have said to possess

Answer 9

1. Less sensibility to pain and touch.
2. More acute sight
3. A lack of moral sense, including an absence or remorse.
4. More vanity
5. Impulsiveness
6. Vindictiveness and cruelty
7. Other manifestations such as criminal argot and excessive use of tattooing

Question 10

Deviance promotes unity, serves as a moral compass, and provides opportunities where there are none

Answer 10

Structural Functionalism

Question 11

Deviance performs important functions in the overall operations of society

Answer 11

Structural Functionalism

Question 12

Deviance is a result of unequal distribution of social desirables and life chances

Answer 12

Historical Conflict

Question 13

Deviance is a form of civic action that aims to rectify the unfair and unjust syndromes of social inequality

Answer 13

Historical Conflict

Question 14

Deviance is a result of the exercise of power

Answer 14

Critical Interpretivism

Question 15

States that symbols and ideas are manipulated by powerful people in the society in order to protect their economic and political interest

Answer 15

Critical Interpretivism

Question 16

We are helping these entities maintain their privileged positions in the society

Answer 16

Critical Interpretivism

Question 17

Offered a “side-by-side” formulation of conformity and deviance

Answer 17

Robert Merton

Question 18

Developed the structural strain theory

Answer 18

Robert Merton

Question 19

Refers to the discrepancies between culturally defined goals and the institutionalized means available to achieve these goals

Answer 19

Strain

Question 20

Traces the origins of deviance to the tensions that are caused by the gap between cultural goals and the means people have available to achieve those goals

Answer 20

Structural Strain Theory

Question 21

Establishes goals for people

Answer 21

Culture

Question 22

Provides (or fails to provide) the means for the people to achieve those goals

Answer 22

Social Structure

Question 23

Acceptance of both the means and goals

Answer 23

Conformity

Question 24

Rejection of means but acceptance of goals

Answer 24

Innovation

Question 25

Acceptance of means but rejection of goals

Answer 25

Ritualism

Question 26

Rejection of both means and goals

Answer 26

Retreatism

Question 27

Rejection of existing social goals and means but substituting new ones to create a new society

Answer 27

Rebellion

Question 28

5 GENERAL CATEGORIES

Answer 28

Conformist
Ritualist
Innovators
Retreatists
Rebels

Question 29

A person who conforms to accepted behavior or established practices

Answer 29

Conformist

Question 30

Person who do not believe in the established cultural goals of society but abide by the means for attaining those goals

Answer 30

Ritualist

Question 31

Individuals that accept the cultural goals but reject the conventional methods of attaining those goals

Answer 31

Innovators

Question 32

People who reject both the cultural goals and accepted means

Answer 32

Retreatists

Question 33

Explains why people’s behavior clashes with social norms

Answer 33

Labeling Theory

Question 34

Holds that deviance is not inherent to an act, but instead focuses on the tendency of majorities to negatively label minorities or those seen as deviant from standard cultural norms

Answer 34

Labeling Theory

Question 35

States that deviance is not inherent to an act, but instead the result of the externally-imposed label of “deviant”

Answer 35

Labeling Theory

Question 36

Takes the view that people become criminals when labeled as such and when they accept the label as a personal identity

Answer 36

Labeling Theory

Question 37

Theory stating that people care about what others think of them and conform to social expectations because of their attachments to others and what others expect of them

Answer 37

Social Control Theory

Question 38

Who developed the social control theory

Answer 38

Travis Hirschi

Question 39

Theory suggesting that most people probably feel some impulse towards deviant behavior at some time, but their attachment to social norms prevents them from actually participating in it

Answer 39

Social Control Theory

Question 40

Makes conformity an internally driven motivation

Answer 40

Effective socialization

Question 41

Engages the mechanisms of social control

Answer 41

Externally driven conformity

Question 42

The idea that a person has the innate right to be valued, respected, and treated well

Answer 42

Dignity

Human Dignity

Question 43

Legal, social, and ethical principles that consider the human person as deserving of liberties and protection

Answer 43

Human Rights

Question 44

Founded on natural rights which are universal and inalienable, and are not contingent on laws, customs, beliefs, or values

Answer 44

Human Rights